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The Model of Automated Knowledge Communication outlined in this postdoctoral thesis aims to broaden the scope of current conceptualizations of specialized communication to account for self-adapting, AI-/LLM-based machines since these are presently changing the practice of multilingual specialized communication in fundamental ways – hence affording research to adapt. The model facilitates the development of research on specialized communication specifically by integrating, firstly, new approaches toward concepts of expert knowledge and, secondly, the involvement of sophisticated machines able to act increasingly autonomously. The monograph sets out with an overview on the objects of research the model can be applied to as it incorporates approaches of cybernetics, technical sociology, and media sociology. The description of the model is followed by its validation on basis of seven case studies from which some suggestions for further research are derived.

game studies, formalism, game analysis, aesthetic theory of games

This chapter is to demonstrate the challenges related to free time of seniors (especially EU residents) in the 21st century. The starting point for the considerations was to explain the concept of free time and to specify its characteristics, functions, and ways of using it. The structure of the seniors' time budget and leisure activities undertaken by this group were analyzed (based on Eurostat data). Subsequently, one of the important forms of free time management, that is, tourism, was studied. First, the essence of tourist activity was discussed and the reasons for undertaking it in the autumn of life. Second, the functions of senior tourism were distinguished and data on the participation of seniors from EU countries in it were presented. Third, taking into account that the concept of active aging is increasingly the participation in various types of courses, trainings, workshops, etc., the chapter defines the place of seniors in the process of lifelong learning. The tasks of the University of the Third Age (U3A) were systematized and the available data on the participation of European seniors in educational programs were analyzed. The conclusion emphasizes the heterogeneity of the silver head segment.

StarCraft (Blizzard Entertainment, 1998) is a real-time strategy video game, placing the player in command of three extraterrestrial races fighting against each other for strategic control of resources, terrain, and power. Simon Dor examines the game's unanticipated effect by delving into the history of the game and the two core competencies it encouraged: decoding and foreseeing. Although StarCraft was not designed as an e-sport, its role in developing foreseeing skills helped give rise to one of the earliest e-sport communities in South Korea.

Apart from the game's clear landmark status, StarCraft offers a unique insight into changes in gaming culture and, more broadly, the marketability and profit of previously niche areas of interest. The book places StarCraft in the history of real-time strategy games in the 1990s—Dune II, Command & Conquer, Age of Empires—in terms of visual style, narrative tropes, and control. It shows how design decisions, technological infrastructures, and a strong contribution from its gaming community through Battle.net and its campaign editor were necessary conditions for the flexibility it needed to grow its success. In exploring the fanatic clusters of competitive players who formed the first tournaments and professionalized gaming, StarCraft shows that the game was key to the transition towards foreseeing play and essential to competitive gaming and e-sports.

In the age of Apple Watches and Fitbits, the concept of "health" emerges through an embodied experience of a digital health device or platform, not simply through the biomedical data it provides. Sensing Health: Bodies, Data, and Digital Health Technologies analyzes popular digital health technologies as aesthetic experiences to understand how these devices and platforms have impacted the way individuals perceive their bodies, behaviors, health, and well-being. By tracing design alongside embodied experiences of digital health, Kressbach shows how these technologies aim to quantify, track and regulate the body, while at the same time producing moments that bring the body's affordances and relationship to the fore. This mediated experience of "health" may offer an alternative to biomedical definitions that define health against illness.

To capture and analyze digital health experiences, Kressbach develops a method that combines descriptive practices from Film and Media Studies and Phenomenology. After examining the design and feedback structures of digital health platforms and devices, the author uses her own first-person accounts to analyze the impact of the technology on her body, behaviors, and perception of health. Across five chapters focused on different categories of digital health—menstrual trackers, sexual wellness technologies, fitness trackers, meditation and breathing technologies, and posture and running wearables—Sensing Health demonstrates a method of analysis that acknowledges and critiques the biomedical structures of digital health technology while remaining attentive to the lived experiences of users. Through a focus on the intersection of technological design and experience, this method can be used by researchers, scholars, designers, and developers alike.

In this chapter the authors take up a journey through the map of European differentiated integration. Following the metaphor of the hemispheres, the cases selected comprise of the inner-core representative that is Germany, the outer-core represented by Poland, the inner periphery – Switzerland, and the outer-periphery that is UK, after the Brexit. Each and every state is analyzed through the supply and demand dimension, which allows for a better understanding of the political parties positioning, as well as citizens' attitudes towards European (differentiated) integration.

Dit boek vertelt het verhaal van de Europese slavernijgeschiedenis vanuit een Zuid-Hollands perspectief. Van de zestiende tot de negentiende eeuw speelde de koloniale wereld een steeds belangrijkere rol in de economie van Holland. De provincie werd een draaischijf voor Europese goederen, kapitaal, arbeid en kennis. Vooraanstaande Zuid-Hollandse regenten als Johan de Witt spanden zich in voor de slavenhandel. In de negentiende eeuw zorgde raciaal denken bij Zuid-Hollandse politici zoals Jan Willem Gefken of James Loudon voor het in stand houden van de koloniale hiërarchie en het uitbuiten van koloniale onderdanen.

This open access proceedings volume brings selected, peer-reviewed contributions presented at the Third Stochastic Transport in Upper Ocean Dynamics (STUOD) 2022 Workshop, held virtually and in person at the Imperial College London, UK, September 26–29, 2022. The STUOD project is supported by an ERC Synergy Grant, and led by Imperial College London, the National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automatic Control (INRIA) and the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (IFREMER). The project aims to deliver new capabilities for assessing variability and uncertainty in upper ocean dynamics. It will provide decision makers a means of quantifying the effects of local patterns of sea level rise, heat uptake, carbon storage and change of oxygen content and pH in the ocean. Its multimodal monitoring will enhance the scientific understanding of marine debris transport, tracking of oil spills and accumulation of plastic in the sea. All topics of these proceedings are essential to the scientific foundations of oceanography which has a vital role in climate science. Studies convened in this volume focus on a range of fundamental areas, including: Observations at a high resolution of upper ocean properties such as temperature, salinity, topography, wind, waves and velocity; Large scale numerical simulations; Data-based stochastic equations for upper ocean dynamics that quantify simulation error; Stochastic data assimilation to reduce uncertainty. These fundamental subjects in modern science and technology are urgently required in order to meet the challenges of climate change faced today by human society. This proceedings volume represents a lasting legacy of crucial scientific expertise to help meet this ongoing challenge, for the benefit of academics and professionals in pure and applied mathematics, computational science, data analysis, data assimilation and oceanography.

In diesem Open-Access-Buch geht es um die Frage, wie Leser*innen in Deutschland automatisiert generierte Nachrichten wahrnehmen und welche Bedeutung sie den Verfahren im Journalismus zuschreiben. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, ob das Publikum dem automatisierten Journalismus vertraut und welche Einflussfaktoren bei dieser Entscheidung eine Rolle spielen. Zur empirischen Überprüfung wurden Focus Groups mit gezielt rekrutierten Leser*innen eingesetzt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es keine monokausalen Antworten auf die Frage nach dem Vertrauen der Lesenden in automatisierten Journalismus gibt. Grundsätzlich stehen sie dem Technologieeinsatz neutral und gleichzeitig neugierig sowie – vor allem mit Blick auf die Zukunft – skeptisch gegenüber. Die Teilnehmenden fordern einen transparenten Umgang der Medienorganisationen mit automatisierter Berichterstattung und wollen mehr Informationen zum Einsatz, zur Verbreitung und zur Technologie haben. Als Einflussfaktoren auf die Vertrauensbewertung wurden ausgewählte Personen- sowie Text- und Publikationsmerkmale und Eigenschaften des Untersuchungsgegenstands getestet. Hohe Relevanz haben erkennbar die Angst vor gezielter Manipulation, die individuellen Vorstellungen über Künstliche Intelligenzen sowie die Kontingenz von Texten. Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.

Maverick Movies tells the improbable story of New Line Cinema, a company that cut a remarkable path through the American film industry and movie culture. Founded in 1967 as an art film distributor, New Line made a small fortune running John Waters's Pink Flamingos at midnight screenings in the 1970s and found reliable returns with the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise in the 1980s. By 2001, the company competed with the major Hollywood studios and reached global box office success with the Lord of the Rings franchise. Blurring boundaries between high and low culture, between independent film and Hollywood, and between the margins and the mainstream, New Line Cinema epitomizes Hollywood's shift in focus from the mass audience fostered by the classic studios to the multitude of niche audiences sought today.
"At long last, a top film scholar takes a deep dive into New Line Cinema's remarkable and most unlikely history. Mining a wealth of primary sources and trade press accounts, and with access to New Line's renegade founder Bob Shaye himself, Daniel Herbert deftly recounts the company's rags-to-riches saga and firmly situates New Line as one of the most important Hollywood studios in the past half century." — THOMAS SCHATZ, author of The Genius of the System: Hollywood Filmmaking in the Studio Era
"Exhibiting the same archival dexterity he brought to Videoland, Herbert reconsiders how New Line's eclecticism both predicted and reflected broader changes in US film culture of the late twentieth century. This book will revitalize the field of distribution studies." — CAETLIN BENSON-ALLOTT, author of The Stuff of Spectatorship: Material Cultures of Film and Television
"Focusing on New Line Cinema, an indie outfit rooted in 1960s college-campus film culture that in the 1990s briefly became the tail that wagged the dog at the WB, Herbert crafts a compelling road map of the volatile movie industry of postclassical Hollywood." — JON LEWIS, author of Road Trip to Nowhere: Hollywood Encounters the Counterculture

The book analyzes socioeconomic through the lens of a lawyer. In the past decade the world has witnessed some severe financial and economic crises, espe­cially the financial crisis of 2007-2008 and the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The author states that the socio-economic order has in the past four to five decades been thoroughly redesigned, generally favouring models that prio­ritize the free market over the public interest or even, more generally, government operation. He works out that during four to five decades, globalized, capitalist societies are facing a multiplicity of fundamental problems, such as: (1) increasing debt that severely burdens both the private and public sectors; (2) persistent poverty and an ever-increasing polarization between rich and poor, in addition to (3) intractable environmental problems that, fifty years after the Club of Rome's report entitled 'Limits to growth' (1972), has dragged the world into what in recent years has been referred to as "climate change." The book explains why all this is the direct result of value choices made from the late Middle Ages onwards, when in the Western world the societal models of that time were increasingly abandoned for a societal model that came to rely on the primacy of economic interests. The book not only subjects the ethical choices but also examines various problems it has caused and probes for possible ways out. This is an open access book.

Das vorliegende Open-Access-Buch zeigt, wie Kinder im Grundschulalter auf philosophische Gedanken reagieren. Diese werden den Kindern in Form von Kürzesttexten dargeboten. Auf Veranschaulichungen wird bewusst verzichtet. Dieser Zugang zum Philosophieren erscheint ungewöhnlich, wird doch in der Regel beim Philosophieren mit Kindern auf anschauliche Zugänge zurückgegriffen. Es zeigt sich jedoch, dass Kinder auf diese ungewöhnliche Einladung auf ebenso ungewöhnliche, eigenwillige und kreative Weise reagieren. Die vorliegende empirische Studie kommt mithin zu dem Ergebnis: Der Einsatz von Kürzesttexten erweist sich als lohnend.

Poet-Monks focuses on the literary and religious practices of Buddhist poet-monks in Tang-dynasty China to propose an alternative historical arc of medieval Chinese poetry. Combining large-scale quantitative analysis with close readings of important literary texts, Thomas J. Mazanec describes how Buddhist poet-monks, who first appeared in the latter half of Tang-dynasty China, asserted a bold new vision of poetry that proclaimed the union of classical verse with Buddhist practices of repetition, incantation, and meditation.

Mazanec traces the historical development of the poet-monk as a distinct actor in the Chinese literary world, arguing for the importance of religious practice in medieval literature. As they witnessed the collapse of the world around them, these monks wove together the frayed threads of their traditions to establish an elite-style Chinese Buddhist poetry. Poet-Monks shows that during the transformative period of the Tang-Song transition, Buddhist monks were at the forefront of poetic innovation.

With the heated discussion around #MeToo, journalistic reporting on domestic abuse, and the popularity of true crime documentaries, gendered media discourse around violence and harassment has never been more prominent.

The Routledge Companion to Gender, Media and Violence is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems and debates in this important subject and is the first collection on media and violence to take a gendered, intersectional approach. Comprising over 50 chapters by a team of interdisciplinary and international contributors, the book is structured around the following parts:

News
Representing reality
Gender-based violence online
Feminist responses
The media examples examined range from Australia to Zimbabwe and span print and online news, documentary film and television, podcasts, pornography, memoir, comedy, memes, influencer videos, and digital feminist protest. Types of violence considered include domestic abuse, ""honour""-based violence, sexual violence and harassment, female genital mutilation/cutting, child sexual abuse, transphobic violence, and the aftermath of conflict. Good practice is considered in relation to both responsible news reporting and pedagogy.

The Routledge Companion to Gender, Media and Violence is essential reading for students and researchers in Gender Studies, Media Studies, Sociology, and Criminology.

On 13 March 1908, the National Bureau for the Collection of Data on the Trade in Women and Girls was founded. The 47-year-old H.J.A. Simons de Ruyter was appointed National Police Commissioner. He proved to be the best person for the job owing to his passion for gathering and recording vital data, his knowledge of languages and his dedicated, helpful and generous personality. The Bureau and the police worked with women's organisations to monitor activities and carry out checks at stations and ports where women and girls who could be exposed to a lewd lifestyle might be travelling. After legislation on morality was passed in 1911, the Bureau was given an additional task in 1914 to tackle trade in lewd publications. After the First World War erupted that year, there was not much more to do at the Bureau, which led Simons de Ruyter to support the immigration authorities in Amsterdam at his own request. This consisted mainly of finding accommodation, providing healthcare, food, clothing and financial assistance and helping to repatriate Belgian refugees.