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The Belt and Road Initiative, first English translation namely, "One Belt One Road", has brought a lot of misinterpretations, because the partners tend to focus much more the word "one", assuming that there is only one maritime route and a single land belt. But for real, "The Belt and Road Initiative" aims to connect Asia, Europe and Africa along five routes. So, the Chinese government decided to change the name of its epic initiative to wrap up the Eurasian supercontinent and Africa with an array of trade corridors like the laces running around the world. Since 2009, China has been ASEAN's largest trading partner, and since 2011 ASEAN has been China's third-largest trading partner. Given the vitality of the economic stability of the ASEAN states to China, considering the geographical proximity of the region, a key priority of the BRI is ASEAN's burgeoning economies. Alongside the AEC, the BRI will further integrate the growing regional community through developing infrastructures in the region and improve its trading policies. The BRI will also provide a pathway for China to bolster its relations with the ASEAN nations economically. The implementation of the Belt and Road agenda requires a high level of cooperation and understanding between and among ASEAN states and China. Alongside the strict enforcement of policies and analysis of risks and prospect, this would lead to bolstered economic development and linkages between Southeast Asia and China.

Involvement in the project of foreign experts on the "One Belt, One Road" initiative of the Renmin University of China has provided an opportunity to comprehend how and for what purpose information is formed on the initiative of Chinese President Xi Jinping, as well as the role of the mass media in the formation of a positive image of the proposed initiative. The study deals with the information component of the initiative of the People's Republic of China in the framework of the vector focused on the Russian Federation. More than five years have passed since Chinese President Xi Jinping announced in Astana, Kazakhstan a new Chinese initiative called "One Belt, One Road". From the reports of various Chinese agencies, it follows that the initiative of the People's Republic of China is quite successfully implemented in all areas. The forums held in Beijing in 2018 and 2019 showed that the main emphasis was made on the image component of the "One Belt, One Road" concept, which was a demonstration of the increased role of China as an independent center of power. According to some Chinese scientists, China no longer denies its desire to become a leader in the current world order. Moreover, while until recently China has been limited to economic domination, today its influence extends into the (geo) political sphere.

One Belt One Road (OBOR) is a development strategy proposed by Chinese leader Xi Jinping focusing on connectivity and cooperation among countries in Eurasia. OBOR revives silk road which covers strategic areas that crossing Asia, Africa, and Europe. OBOR is designed for trade purposes that can multiply trade profits with a multiplier effect. This development strategy is carried out by China as a manifestation of China's determination to take a greater role in global development and create a trade network that will be based in China. In a global scene, OBOR is China's real action in promoting trade, establishing unilateral liberalization, free trade agreement, and new international organization. Those actions are relevant to the principle of Liberalism. OBOR initiative was originated from the concept of Chinese Dream which was first popularized by Xi Jinping in 2013. Chinese Dream aims to rejuvenate the Chinese nation, modernization, economic prosperity, and national glory. OBOR is China's effort to become a hegemon country, especially in Asia, generally in the world. In this research, the authors use Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony and the Liberalism theory to analyse China's efforts to realize its dreams to become a country that carries out cultural leadership that is not only superior in the economy but also in politics. The authors apply descriptive-analytical method and library research. The aims of this research are to know in what extent China's success in embracing Eurasian countries to create a trading system that benefits both China and the countries involved, to analyse how OBOR creates economic interdependence in the region and how OBOR is used to strengthen China's geopolitical power on a global scene.

The ancient Silk Road realized the interoperability of economy, trade, politics, and humanities. The new "Silk Road Economic Belt" is an upgrade of all aspects and an important step in realizing a "community with a shared future for mankind." Islam has prospered and developed in China for more than 1,300 years. Language is an important foundation. The extensive exchanges between China and Arab countries in the fields of culture, economy and trade have a very important influence on the development of Chinese Arabic in various periods. This article is conducted through a qualitative method and based on the inspection of the "Silk Road Economic Belt" on Chinese Arabic related information and past research, such as journals and articles. The purpose of the researcher in this article is to use the Silk Road Economic Belt as the main background to sort out and analyze the influence of Chinese Arabic in each period to fill the gaps in the research. Research and analysis found that the Silk Road Economic Belt has an important influence on Chinese Arabic.

With the launch of "One Belt, One Road" Initiative, China is injecting vitality into the ancient Silk Road. While China is seen to embrace it as the centrepiece of its economic strategy, the new Silk Road Initiative, if well implemented, is expected to bring forth the opportunity of economic prosperity for both China and the countries in the region. Against the backdrop of the complicated and volatile geopolitics in the mega-regions and the voracious needs for gigantic inputs of resources, etc., however, the operationality of the Initiative is in contrast with the grandiose discourse by the Chinese authorities. In particular, where China's ultimate target is set to shape a new structure for global economic governance, its ability to lead vis-à-vis its targeted partners' readiness to cooperate, among others, remain to be tested.

Over the past decades, China has managed to become one of the most developed countries in the world. Having strengthened its economy, China began to actively pursue a foreign policy, one of the instruments for the implementation of which was the One Belt, One Road initiative. Initially, the initiative was considered by the leadership of the PRC as a mechanism for solving internal problems, as well as a plan to promote relations with the countries of Southeast Asia. However, as it developed, the initiative began to acquire the features of a foreign policy strategy, the purpose of which is to provide China with a reliable connection with the world, capable of functioning even in the event of escalation of conflicts and US attempts to control communications connecting China with the world. According to the Chinese authorities, the global financial crisis of 2008, conflicts in the Middle East, terrorist attacks - all this indicates that global changes are ripe for the world. A system of international relations based on US interests is no longer in the interests of all mankind. The promotion of the One Belt, One Road initiative is seen in this context as a road map for the reform of the existing world order, the emergence of which is predetermined by the very course of history. In this article, we will look at the internal and external reasons for the launch of the One Belt, One Road initiative, a detailed analysis of which will help to understand the true intentions of the Chinese authorities, as well as to determine the place that, in their opinion, China should take in the world.

AbstractUnder 'One Belt One Road' initiative, China has introduced a new model of economic development of cross‐continental connectivity. With all its promising prospects, the initiative raises a question how such grand designs are going to impact the institutions of countries susceptible to potentially adverse impacts of Chinese investments. The case study of Pakistan — the closest ally of China — is a good example. China has started investing more than $50 billion in energy, industrial and communication infrastructure across the country. But the combination of too much and too quick Chinese investments — free of 'governance‐related conditionalities' normally attached with Western aid — and Pakistan's domestic issues has some adverse impacts on latter's internal politics and state institutions. Lack of transparency, civil‐military divide, ethnic differences, discrediting media, widening current account deficit, securitisation of trade and undoing the economic reforms (undertaken under International Monetary Fund program) are some of the unfavourable aspects of China–Pakistan Economic Corridor.

Motivation: The security environment is evolving globally and more attention is given for other than military threats. They are major concern related to internal and external security of any country as their nature is complex and it is evolving crossing national borders. Globalization is one of processes enabling freedom of operations for criminal, terrorist and other dangerous movements endangering security environment and economy. The 'One Belt, One Road' concept, promoted by China, is vulnerable for attacks along land and sea legs. To face threats an international cooperation of involved countries must create opportunities to counter all illegal acts.Aim: The aim of the paper is to study security threats influencing security of economy processes by analysing the 'One Belt, One Road' concept. In the paper theoretical methods have been adopted.Results: The research allowed drawing conclusions related to ways of overcoming the threats toward supply chains caused by evolving security environment based on the risks related to the 'One Belt, One Road' concept.

Motivation: The security environment is evolving globally and more attention is given for other than military threats. They are major concern related to internal and external security of any country as their nature is complex and it is evolving crossing national borders. Globalization is one of processes enabling freedom of operations for criminal, terrorist and other dangerous movements endangering security environment and economy. The 'One Belt, One Road' concept, promoted by China, is vulnerable for attacks along land and sea legs. To face threats an international cooperation of involved countries must create opportunities to counter all illegal acts.Aim: The aim of the paper is to study security threats influencing security of economy processes by analysing the 'One Belt, One Road' concept. In the paper theoretical methods have been adopted.Results: The research allowed drawing conclusions related to ways of overcoming the threats toward supply chains caused by evolving security environment based on the risks related to the 'One Belt, One Road' concept.

In recent years, the construction of the "One Belt, One Road" project has continued to develop, providing a huge market and development opportunities for the countries along this route. At the same time, investments in the countries along the "One Belt, One Road" project, in addition to general business risks, also face more serious political risks and investment and legal risks. Due to the shortcomings of existing bilateral, regional and multilateral mechanisms for preventing and resolving investment disputes, it is currently not possible to effectively prevent and resolve the risks associated with international investments by Chinese companies in countries along the "One Belt, One Road" initiative. Conclusions. The implementation of the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative is of theoretical and practical importance. Theoretical - in terms of the development of the "theory of diversified management" and the concept of "Justice and Benefit". Practical - in terms of optimizing the business environment along the "One Belt, One Road" project, protecting the legal rights and interests of Chinese enterprises abroad and promoting the subsequent improvement of investment agreements.

The 'One Belt, One Road' (OBOR) initiatives form the centerpiece of the Chinese leadership's new foreign policy. The OBOR initiatives are a reflection of China's ascendance in the global arena, economically, politically, and strategically. Developing inter-connectivity of infrastructure development forms a central part of China's OBOR initiatives. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) aims to facilitate and accelerate infrastructure improvement in the region by providing capital loans and technical services. The AIIB will serve as the spearhead of China's OBOR initiatives. The AIIB and OBOR initiatives have put China at the center of geoeconomics and geopolitics in the region and beyond, a position from which it hopes to strengthen its economic ties with other Asian countries. The new Silk Road initiatives also provide a channel for Chinese companies and capital to invest in other countries by leveraging China's strengths in infrastructure development, financial power and manufacturing capacity. The OBOR initiatives and the AIIB could change the economic and political landscape of Asia, the most dynamic and economically vibrant region of the twenty-first century. However, China faces serious challenges, both internally and externally, in implementing these initiatives. (J Contemp China/GIGA)