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Abstract
The paper deals with the state of the social sciences after the boom of internet services in the Czech Republic in the 1990s. The results of our survey, based on 512 responses from the economics and history departments of major Czech public universities, show that internet services are considered a quality factor for academic output; however, the issues of plagiarism, a lack of resource criticism, inadequacy of impact factor-based evaluations, poor academic training for the new generation of social scientists, the failure of state academic policy, and the generation gap make further development in the Czech social sciences rather problematic. As a result we recommend creating a better communication link between policy makers and scholars, reforming the current state policy which encourages lower quality academic output, and improving academic training, which requires a more individual approach, and also placing higher demands on social scientists.

International audience ; In a growing number of countries, governments and public agencies seek to systematically assess the scientific outputs of their universities and research institutions. Bibliometrics indicators and peer review are regularly used for this purpose, and their advantages and biases are discussed in a wide range of literature. This article examines how three different national organisations (AERES, ERA, ERIH) produce journal ratings as an alternative assessment tool, which is particularly targeted for social sciences and humanities. After setting out the organisational context in which these journal ratings emerged, the analysis highlights the main steps of their production, the criticism they received after publication, especially from journals, and the changes made during the ensuing revision process. The particular tensions of a tool designed as both a political instrument and a scientific apparatus are also discussed.

national hearing; Recent debates around the digital law, as well as discussions following the introduction of an open access policy by the European Research Council were instrumental in publishing the international debate on the transformation of the political economy of scientific publications in France. Without disregarding here the vast literature produced by researchers in library science, but also by various stakeholders (open access Activists, Publishers, learned societies, Funders, political bodies), we rethink the character of HSS publishing, then actual forms of appropriation of scientific publications by publishers and platforms. Finally, we describe various public policies and the representations of the InSHS policy in this area.; Recent discussions on digital law, such as discussions following the introduction of open access policies by the European Research Council, have made a major contribution to publicising international debates in France on the transformations of the political economy of scientific publications. Without discussing here the vast literature produced by documentary scientists, but also by various stakeholders (open access activists, publishers, learned societies, funders, political bodies), we recall the characteristics of scientific publishing in SHS in France and then describe the contemporary forms of appropriation of scientific publications by publishers and broadcasters. Finally, we set out various public policies and the foundations of the InSHS policy in this area. ; National audience; Recent debates around the digital law, as well as discussions following the introduction of an open access policy by the European Research Council were instrumental in publicizing the international debates on the transformation of the political economy of scientific publications in France. Without discussing here the vast literature produced by researchers in library science, but also by various stakeholders (open access activists, publishers, learned societies, funders, political bodies), we ...

This interdisciplinary volume explores the relationship between history and a range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences: economics, political science, political theory, international relations, sociology, philosophy, law, literature and anthropology. The relevance of historical approaches within these disciplines has shifted over the centuries. Many of them, like law and economics, originally depended on self-consciously historical procedures. These included the marshalling of evidence from past experience, philological techniques and source criticism. Between the late nineteenth and the middle of the twentieth century, the influence of new methods of research, many indebted to models favoured by the natural sciences, such as statistical, analytical or empirical approaches, secured an expanding intellectual authority while the hegemony of historical methods declined in relative terms. In the aftermath of this change, the essays collected in History in the Humanities and Social Sciences reflect from a variety of angles on the relevance of historical concerns to representative disciplines as they are configured today.

National audience ; Recent debates around the digital law, as well as discussions following the introduction of an open access policy by the European Research Council were instrumental in publicizing the international debates on the transformation of the political economy of scientific publications in France. Without discussing here the vast literature produced by researchers in library science, but also by various stakeholders (open access activists, publishers, learned societies, funders, political bodies), we remind the characteristics of HSS academic publishing, then describe contemporary forms of appropriation of scientific publications by publishers and platforms. Finally, we describe various public policies and the foundations of the InSHS policy in this area. ; Les échanges récents autour de la loi numérique, comme les discussions ayant fait suite à la mise en place de politiques d'open access par le Conseil européen de la recherche ont largement contribué à publiciser, en France, des débats se déroulant à l'échelle internationale sur les transformations de l'économie politique des publications scientifiques. Sans discuter ici la vaste littérature produite par des chercheurs en sciences documentaires, mais aussi par différentes parties prenantes (militants de l'accès ouvert, éditeurs, sociétés savantes, financeurs, instances politiques), nous rappelons les caractéristiques de l'édition scientifique en SHS en France, puis nous décrivons les formes contemporaines d'appropriation des publications scientifiques par les éditeurs et diffuseurs. Enfin, nous exposons différentes politiques publiques et les fondements de la politique de l'InSHS en la matière.