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International audience ; [Thinking about the future of the European Union using the methods of forecasting. According to the latter, it requires a good knowledge of the initial situation. We begin by singling out the nature of the demographic system of the European Union in the late 2000s. Then we propose several scenarios on the horizon of 2030. by combining the possible trends in key demographic parameters. Finally, analyzes and discussions held previously will ultimately provide recommendations whose purpose is to eliminate scenarios that do not appear desirable and promote progress towards a better future.] ; Réfléchissons à l'avenir de l'Union européenne en recourant aux méthodes de la prospective. Conformément à ces dernières, cela nécessite une bonne connaissance de la situation initiale. Nous commencerons donc par singulariser la nature du système démographique de l'Union européenne à la fin des années 2000. Puis nous proposerons plusieurs scénarios prospectifs à l'horizon de 2030. en combinant les tendances possibles sur les principaux paramètres démographiques. Enfin, les analyses et réflexions menées précédemment permettront, in fine, de proposer des recommandations dont l'objet est d'écarter les scénarios qui n'apparaissent pas souhaitables et de favoriser l'évolution vers un avenir meilleur.

International audience ; [Thinking about the future of the European Union using the methods of forecasting. According to the latter, it requires a good knowledge of the initial situation. We begin by singling out the nature of the demographic system of the European Union in the late 2000s. Then we propose several scenarios on the horizon of 2030. by combining the possible trends in key demographic parameters. Finally, analyzes and discussions held previously will ultimately provide recommendations whose purpose is to eliminate scenarios that do not appear desirable and promote progress towards a better future.] ; Réfléchissons à l'avenir de l'Union européenne en recourant aux méthodes de la prospective. Conformément à ces dernières, cela nécessite une bonne connaissance de la situation initiale. Nous commencerons donc par singulariser la nature du système démographique de l'Union européenne à la fin des années 2000. Puis nous proposerons plusieurs scénarios prospectifs à l'horizon de 2030. en combinant les tendances possibles sur les principaux paramètres démographiques. Enfin, les analyses et réflexions menées précédemment permettront, in fine, de proposer des recommandations dont l'objet est d'écarter les scénarios qui n'apparaissent pas souhaitables et de favoriser l'évolution vers un avenir meilleur.

With the beginning of the year 1999, a further important step towards deeper integration of Europe took place: The European Monetary Union (EMU) was put into force. Undoubtedly, this has, beside other effects, also considerable effects on the economic geography of the integrating area. Possible and probable spatial effects of EMU was the motive to establish an international working group within the ARL-DATAR (Délégati-on à l'Aménagement du Territoire et à l'Action Régionale) cooperation agreement in order to shed some light on these effects. The present volume consists of papers having been elaborated by members of the working group. Considerations are made with regard to - consequences for the regions of a changed relationship in which countries being members of the euro-zone stand to each other, - macroeconomic consequences for regions of their being a member of EMU, - effects of the possible concentration of industrial activities in regions and of trends towards specialisation of regions in certain industries, - effects of EMU using a multiregional general equilibrium model, - distinguishing between static and dynamic effects of the Euro. Based on these deliberations recommendations are formulated and spatial orientated policy conclusions are given even though one fear seems to be unfounded: the aim of territorial cohesion in the EU seems not to be touched systematically by the common currency in a negative way.

The Lisbon Treaty has brought significant changes into the architecture of the European Union. The most important novelty, however, is the establishment of a full unity of the Union structure achieved by creating new and strengthening the existing elements. The new elements of this unity are the disappearance of the European Community, the 'independence' of the European Atomic Energy Community, constituting the European Union as a single entity and the introduction of EU values. At the same time, the Lisbon Treaty has strengthened the existing elements of the common institutional mechanisms, rules on amending the founding treaties and EU membership. However, constituting the Union as a single entity which has replaced and succeeded the European Communities has not abolished the EU elements of diversity. In the areas that differed, even before the adoption of the Lisbon Treaty, from the community pillar, there remain significant differences in the nature and the scope of competences of the Union institutions. This mainly regards the common foreign and security policy, which now includes the defense policy, where the existing model of inter-state cooperation has been only slightly interfered with. In contrast, in the field of police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, which has become part of a larger Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, the inter-state model of cooperation has been abandoned in some of its most important elements. However, the implementation of some of the important elements of the supranational model has been postponed.

My secret hope, before starting reading this book, was to discover some new avenues for reflection that would help to renew the theoretical debate on the European Union (EU). Unfortunately, however, Moravcsik's familiar reader will find only a summary in which the author develops the thesis he has developed over the past decade under the banner of 'liberal intergovernmentalism' (.). ; Mon secret espoir, avant d'entamer la lecture de ce livre, était d'y découvrir quelques nouvelles pistes de réflexion contribuant à renouveler le débat théorique sur l'Union européenne (UE). Mais hélas, le lecteur déjà familier de Moravcsik n'y trouvera qu'une synthèse dans laquelle l'auteur développe les thèses qu'il a élaborées depuis une dizaine d'années sous la bannière de l' "intergouvernementalisme libéral " (.).

The present book invites the reader to rethink some questions raised in EU external relations law in the light of recent developments in the case law of the Court of Justice, from the perspective of the constitutional foundations of the Union. The various chapters invite the reader to take a look at the balance between the specific legal regime for EU external action and the constitutional fundamentals of the EU legal order such as: the principles of conferral, loyalty, and institutional balance, as well as the rule of law, democracy, and fundamental rights protection. The accommodation between specificity and fundamental principles is, thus, a transversal constitutional issue.