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The aim of this research is to examine the connection between mental toughness of athletes and their personality traits. The research sample consists of 100 athletes who participate in sports competitions. Mental Toughness was measured by Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ), HEXACO personality traits by HEXACO-60. The results showed statistically significant positive correlations between honesty on one side and self-confidence (r= 0,31, p<0,01), consistency (r= 0,45, p<0,01), control (r= 0,34, p<0,01) and overall mental toughness (r= 0,46, p<0,01) on other. There were also statistically significant positive correlations between extraversion and self-confidence (r = 0,39, p <0,01), consistency (r = 0,62, p <0,01), control (r = 0,30, p <0,01) and total mental toughness (r = 0,44, p <0,01). Statistically significant positive correlations were also found between conscientiousness and self-confidence (r = 0,30, p <0,01), consistency (r = 0,58, p <0,01), control (r = 0,23, p < 0,01) and total mental toughness (r = 0,52, p <0,01). Statistically significant negative correlations were found between emotionality on one hand and self-confidence (r= -0,37, p<0,01), consistency (r= -0,46, p<0,01), control (r= -0,46, p<0,01) and overall mental strength (r= -0,54, p<0,01) on the other. While correlations of agreeableness and openness to experience on one side and self-confidence, consistency, control, and overall mental toughness on the other were not statistically significant. Multiple regression analysis was performed with the aim of predicting the mental toughness of athletes based on their personality traits. Of the total variability of mental toughness, 34% of variability can be explained based on personality traits of athletes. The results showed that statistically significant predictor of mental toughness was emotionality. Partial contributions of other personality traits were not statistically significant. This study contributes to the understanding of which personality traits of athletes contribute to mental toughness, a coping mechanism when faced with challenges and reacting in competitive situations.

Tough girls are everywhere these days. Whether it is Ripley battling a swarm of monsters in the Aliens trilogy or Captain Janeway piloting the starship Voyager through space in the continuing Star Trek saga, women strong in both body and mind have become increasingly popular in the films, television series, advertisements, and comic books of recent decades. In Tough Girls, Sherrie A. Inness explores the changing representations of women in all forms of popular media and what those representations suggest about shifting social mores. She begins her examination of tough women in American popular culture with three popular television shows of the 1960s and '70s--The Avengers, Charlie's Angels, and The Bionic Woman--and continues through such contemporary pieces as a recent ad for Calvin Klein jeans and current television series such as The X-files and Xena: Warrior Princess. Although all these portrayals show women who can take care of themselves in ways that have historically been seen as uniquely male, they also variously undercut women's toughness. She argues that even some of the strongest depictions of women have perpetuated women's subordinate status, using toughness in complicated ways to break or bend gender stereotypes while simultaneously affirming them. Also of interest-- Madcaps, Screwballs, and Con Women: The Female Trickster in American Culture Lori Landay

"It's about Riley the bear cub, who has mixed up feelings about the past. He used to try to be brave by learning to be tough, to save food when he could find it, to blend into the background so nobody could see him - now he's learning new ways to be brave in new, safer ways that are good for him"--

Inspection, qualification, & review:screening procedures -- Fit for duty: physical conditioning & mental toughness -- On alert: arousal & mental toughness -- Condition black: stress, fear & mental toughness -- Mental attack plan: tactical arousal control & mental toughness -- On the wall: concentration skills & mental toughness -- Strategic vision: tactical performance imagery & mental toughness -- Personal psy ops: tactical self-talk & mental toughness -- Cognitive counter response: negative thought stopping & mental toughness -- Personal briefings: attitude, affirmations & mental toughness

Personality traits, gender wage gap, private retirement provision. - Persönlichkeitsmerkmale, Lohnlücke, Rentenvorsorge

The relationships among gender, personality traits, & symptoms of depression are examined using data from questionnaires administered to 360 residents of the Oklahoma City, Okla, metropolitan area. Although women report more symptoms of depression than men, gender is not a statistically significant predictor when personality traits are included in the analysis. Low masculinity, high femininity, having a child in the home, & single status predict depression for men. Youth, low education, low masculinity, & single status predict depression for women. Contrary to reports by some researchers of the superiority of androgyny as a model of mental health, the data do not support such a contention. 5 Tables, 38 References. Modified HA

Due to the high level of uncertainty in the electorate about candidate issue positions, many scholars believe that voters instead use simpler cues such as personality traits to evaluate candidates. However, information about candidate personality traits is also subject to uncertainty. Using a new direct survey measure of uncertainty included in the 1995 and 1996 National Election Studies, we examine the effect of trait opinions on candidate evaluations and test the effect that uncertainty about those opinions has on the use of traits in an evaluation. We find that uncertainty about a candidate's personality traits reduces both the use of opinions about that candidate's traits in evaluations of that candidate and the overall evaluations of that candidate.

Previous research has shown an association between primary headaches and some extreme features of normal personality traits, however, studies of the relationship between these headaches and the disordered or abnormal personality traits are still needed. This study sought to examine
the disordered personality trait profiles in patients with migraine, tension-type headaches compared to healthy controls. Disordered personality traits were assessed using the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP; Livesley & Jackson, in press), a self-report measure of
abnormal personality function that subsumes major models of normal personality, in 41 patients with chronic headaches (CTH), 34 frequent episodic tension-type headaches (FETH) and 48 migraine without aura, as well as 37 headache-free healthy control subjects. All patient groups scored significantly
higher than healthy controls on Submissiveness, Cognitive Distortion, Identity Problems, Intimacy Problems, Social Avoidance, and Self-Harm. In addition, the migraine group scored higher on Submissiveness than did the FETH group. Our findings thus confirmed personality dysfunctions in primary
headache sufferers.