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A new edition of a book first published in Bogotá, this English edition is a crucial addition to the literature on Latin American business history for a wider English-speaking audience, and it will be of interest to business and economic historians generally. Essays are included by leading economic historians of Latin America from the UK and from other countries. Each contributor has managed to relate the business history of a selected country to the main trends in its economic development

This volume of the Inter-American Yearbook on Human Rights covers the year 1995, and contains all the documents and information (in English and Spanish) concerning the activities of the Organization of American States in the field of the promotion and protection of human rights. Like its predecessors, this Yearbook aims to contribute to a greater awareness of the functions and activities of the organs of the Inter-American system for the protection of Human Rights

Anhand des Datenvergleichs aus zwei repräsentativen und relativ umfangreichen Bevölkerungsumfragen, die 1994 und 2002 im Auftrag des American Jewish Committee von Emnid bzw. Infratest durchgeführt wurden, wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit sich das Ausmaß antisemitischer Einstellungen in Deutschland im Untersuchungszeitraum verändert hat, und ob sich die zur Zeit der Vereinigung beider deutscher Staaten beobachteten diesbezüglichen Unterschiede in den alten und neuen Bundesländern noch immer nachweisen lassen. Zur Zeit der so genannten "Wende" zeigte sich anhand einer repräsentativen Umfrage unter Ostdeutschen, dass antisemitischen Einstellungen in der DDR eine geringere Bedeutung zukam als in der BRD: Die Ostdeutschen erwiesen sich durchschnittlich als deutlich weniger antisemitisch eingestellt als ihre westdeutschen Nachbarn. Insgesamt stehen für die Analyse Angaben von 2.751 Interviewten zur Verfügung, und zwar für 1994 von 1.469 und für 2002 von 1.282 Befragten. Es wird festgestellt, dass sich der seit vielen Jahren anhaltende Trend zur Abschwächung antisemitischer Einstellungen in Deutschland fortsetzt hat. (ICD)

In his article on Albert Ballin appearing in the "Deutsches Schiffahrtsarchiv" No. 15, 1992, pp. 135-158, Frank Broeze advocates two theses: (1) that contrary to popular opinion Albert Ballin used ruthless tactics to pursue his policy of expansion and (2) that he practiced a dubious financial policy and frequently did not know exactly what he wanted. Broeze bases his argumentation primarily on the observations of Johannes Merck and Max von Schinckel who both regarded Ballin from a critical distance. The author of the present article focuses chiefly on Broeze's accusations concerning the personal and business integrity of Albert Ballin and arrives at conclusions quite different from Broeze's: 1. In addition to the construction of the IMPERATOR class, Ball in also had internationally outstanding ships built for the South America routes (east and west coast) as well as for the East Asia service- a carefully targetted business policy, the success of which was hindered only by the First World War. Ballin's restraint in regard to austral traffic, which would have remained deficitary for Hapag because of the absolute predominance of the British, also points to a faculty for clever decision-making. 2. The low dividend payments of the Hapag in comparison to other shipping companies are not an indication of the negative effects of Ballin's business policies but of the reinvestment of a larger proportion of the profits. 3. The increase in the cost of the IMPERATOR's construction from the 25 million Marks first projected to a final total of 38 million Marks were not caused by Ballin's having habitually ordered ships in a "totally unbusiness-like" manner, but by the fact that the original plans were for a 30,000 ton vessel whereas the ship finally ordered weighed 51,000 tons. 4. There is no evidence to support Broeze's assertions that Ballin's behaviour was inconsiderate, violent, dictatorial, antagonistic and uncompromising . On the contrary, his main competitors in Bremen, England and among his pool partners have never expressed any such criticism. This is in itself a remarkable fact and speaks clearly for Ballin's integrity.

This volume of the Inter-American Yearbook on Human Rights covers the year 1989, and contains all the documents and information (in English and Spanish) concerning the activities of the Organization of American States in the field of the promotion and protection of human rights. Like its predecessors, this Yearbook aims to contribute to a greater awareness of the functions and activities of the organs of the Inter-American system for the protection of Human Rights

The escalating political, economic, and cultural colonization of indigenous peoples over the past few centuries has spawned a multitude of revitalization movements. These movements promise liberation from domination by outsiders and incorporate and rework elements of traditional culture. Reassessing Revitalization Movements is the first book to discuss and compare in detail the origins, structure, and development of religious and political revitalization movements in North America and the Pacific Islands (known as Oceania). The essays cover the twentieth-century Cargo Cults of the South Pacific, the 1870 and 1890 Ghost Dance movements in western North America, the Tuka Movement on Fiji in 1885, as well as the revitalistic aspects of contemporary social movements in North American and Oceania

This theoretical and empirical study examines the influence of global institutions on the generation of scientific knowledge. Virginia Walsh's approach reverses the traditional focus of international relations literature--which most often deals with how scientific knowledge influences institutions--and offers an original way to look at international environmental governance. After proposing a theory of institutional mechanisms by which global institutions shape the generation of knowledge, the book turns to detailed case studies of two institutions in the under- studied but vital area of marine science, the Scripps Institute of Oceanography and the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, to illustrate these mechanisms.In part 1, "Theory," the book identifies three specific mechanisms or "fixes" that provide the means by which institutions shape the generation and use of knowledge. With the positional fix, key individuals use their social roles or positions in an institution to influence the beliefs of members or fix the direction of research. The statutory fix occurs when beliefs gain acceptance as a consequence of being embedded in rules or treaties. The committee fix is illustrated in the regularized practices through which social groups accept statements as group beliefs. Part 2, "Evidence," shows these mechanisms at work in the two case studies. The Scripps Institution, for example, illustrates the positional fix, as successive directors used their position to frame research. The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, on the other hand, exemplifies both the statutory fix and the committee fix in its regulatory actions.

Centers on the consequence of the reforms implemented in Latin America and the Caribbean in the last two decades. Trade and financial liberalization and the privatization of production activities have radically altered the rules of the game governing labor and business. The macroeconomic policy changes that accompanied or preceded the reforms sometimes strengthened the latter 's specific objectives, especially the growth of exports, but on other occasions they had the opposite effect. That combination of factors prompted the emergence of new market structures and transformations in microeconomic behavior. This book is part of a project carried out by ECLAC, in conjunction with researchers from nine countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico and Peru), to study the impact of the reforms. Income distribution in the region is the most unequal in the entire world, a situation that has been true for as long as the statistics have been kept. This publication identifies three contributing factors that help explain Latin America 's high level of inequality

".conference entitled 'The Use of Land Forces in the Americas.' It was held on December 15, 1998 at the Bush School." -- p. v. ; "An anthology from a symposium cosponsored by the Chief of Staff, United States Army, the George Bush School of Government and Public Service, and the U.S. Army War College" ; "September 1999" ; Not distributed to depository libraries in a physical form. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; United States and Latin America : a strategic perspective / Donald E. Schulz -- Three temptations of Latin America / Peter Hakim -- Economic development and economic policy in Latin America / Terry L. McCoy -- New version of U.S.-Latin American relations / Ambler H. Moss, Jr. -- Role of the U.S. Army in promoting democracy in the Americas / Donald E. Schulz -- Role of land forces in drug interdiction : the need for caution in a pragmatic struggle / John D. Negroponte -- Use of armed forces in drug interdiction : the strategic context / Bruce M. Bagley -- Some final thoughts / William W. Hartzog -- Use of armed forces in the Americas : an overview / Max G. Manwaring. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Intro -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- List of Tables -- Series Editor's Preface -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- List of Abbreviations -- Guide to Pronunciation -- Introduction -- 1. "Smoke over America, blood over Europe": World War II andthe Polish Diaspora -- 2. "All I have left is my free song": The Polish Community in theDisplaced Persons Camps -- 3. "Live a happy and peaceful life here": The Resettlement of Polish Displaced Persons in the United States -- 4. "So they are among brethren": Debate in the Community -- 5. "Ambassadors of our cause": Turning Points -- Epilogue -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Commonly portrayed in the media as holding women in strict subordination and deference to men, Islam is nonetheless attracting numerous converts among African American women. Are these women "reproducing their oppression," as it might seem? Or does their adherence to the religion suggest unsuspected subtleties and complexities in the relation of women, especially black women, to Islam? Carolyn Rouse sought answers to these questions among the women of Sunni Muslim mosques in Los Angeles. Her richly textured study provides rare insight into the meaning of Islam for African American women; in particular, Rouse shows how the teachings of Islam give these women a sense of power and control over interpretations of gender, family, authority, and obligations. In Engaged Surrender, Islam becomes a unique prism for clarifying the role of faith in contemporary black women's experience. Through these women's stories, Rouse reveals how commitment to Islam refracts complex processes—urbanization, political and social radicalization, and deindustrialization—that shape black lives generally, and black women's lives in particular. Rather than focusing on traditional (and deeply male) ideas of autonomy and supremacy, the book—and the community of women it depicts—emphasizes more holistic notions of collective obligation, personal humility, and commitment to overarching codes of conduct and belief. A much-needed corrective to media portraits of Islam and the misconceptions they engender, this engaged and engaging work offers an intimate, in-depth look into the vexed and interlocking issues of Islam, gender, and race

When bombs rained down on Pearl Harbor in 1941, Japanese American college students were among the many young men enrolled in ROTC and immediately called upon to defend the Hawaiian islands against invasion. In a few weeks, however, the military government questioned their loyalty and disarmed them. In No Sword to Bury, Franklin Odo places the largely untold story of the wartime experience of these young men in the context of the community created by their immigrant families and its relationship to the larger, white-dominated society. At the heart of the book are vivid oral histories that reca