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Transitional Justice is a long-term process which seeks to address severe human rights abuses of the past through measures such as trials, commissions of inquiry, memorials, apologies, reforms of the legal or security sector, school textbook reforms, and reconciliation projects. These measures are usually applied by governments, but can also be initiated by civil society groups, such as victim groups, or the international community, for example the European Union or the UNHCR. Transitional justice measures are seen as catalysts for coming to terms with the past and establishing new, stable, and often democratic societies. As such, the measures are linked to the performance and efficacy of democratic institutions in the context of their accountability and responsiveness, transparency, and level of citizen participation. Thus, transitional justice is a process that aims to reconcile divided and conflict-torn societies by re-establishing (democratic) institutions. These measures can be catalysts to leverage institutional performance.

Der Text behandelt die Frage, inwiefern Menschenrechtsbildung und Minderheitenrechte gelehrt werden können um Menschen in die Lage zu versetzen für Gleichheit und Gerechtigkeit zwischen Mehrheiten und Minderheitengruppen aktiv und gleichberechtigt einzutreten. Menschenrechtsbildung ist in erster Linie die Befähigung jedes Einzelnen seine Menschenrechte zu kennen und sich für diese sowie die Menschenrechte Anderer einzusetzen. Dazu gehören soziale, wirtschaftliche und kulturelle Menschenrechte ebenso wie politische und zivile, die jedem Menschen zustehen, gleich ob jemand zu einer Minderheitengruppe gehört oder nicht. Um jedoch Gleichheit zwischen den Gruppen zu erreichen müssen zunächst auch die Bedürfnisse der Minderheiten herausgearbeitet werden, um mittels des Bildungssystems diese offen anzugehen. Es gilt, deutlich zu machen, dass von der Einhaltung der Menschenrechte sowohl Minderheiten als auch Mehrheiten in einer Gesellschaft profitieren.The questions to be asked when referring to human rights and human rights education (HRE) for minorities are - how to use HRE to: 1)minorities to become active participants in societal decision making processes and 2) achieve equality and justice between majority and minority groups in any given society? In this paper I will discuss human rights education as an empowering tool - helping individuals to become aware of human rights and empowering them not only to claim their own basic human rights but also to advocate for the rights of others. It is this empowerment and action combined that helps to bring about equality and justice for all. For minorities and other groups and individuals in society, this means being knowledgeable about each others' political, civil, economic and cultural rights, customs and history so that there is respect for, and recognition of, difference. To achieve this, it is important to identify the problems faced by minorities and the needs of these groups and to endeavour to overcome short-comings in education systems so that diversity in society ...

I. Human Rights and Democratic Movements in Armenia - Human Rights as an "Attractor" of Europeanization Processes of Transcaucasian "Neither War nor Peace Societies" (Artur Mkrtichyan) - Human Rights Defender's Office Armenia (Larisa Alaverdyan) - The Factor of Human Rights Protection as Criteria for the Development in the Social System (Hovhannes Hovhannisyan) - Two Priorities and Two Suggestions in Leading the Way to Human Rights Protection (Gevork Manoukian) - Intrastate Mechanisms of the Protection of Human Political Rights and Freedoms in Armenia (Ashot A. Alexanyan) - The Future of Democracy in Armenia: Institutional and Mass Beliefs Perspectives (Alexander Markarov) II. Human Rights and Education in Armenia - Human Rights in the System of Civic Education Values (Valery Poghosyan) - The Role of Academic Knowledge in Maintaining Tolerance (Ani Muradyan) - Rights of a Child or Duties of Adults.? (Mira Antonyan) - The Right to Education for Children with Special Needs: Inclusive Education in Armenia (Marina Hovhannissyan) - Human Rights Awareness and UNDP Evaluation in Armenia (Kristina Henschen) - Human Rights Education in Armenia – A Base Line Study (Litit Umroyan; Lucig Danielian) III. Human Rights and Minorities in Armenia - Human Rights, Minorities and Human Rights Education in Armenia: An External Perspective (Claudia Mahler; Anja Mihr; Reetta Toivanen) - Minorities and Identity in Armenia (Tatevik Margaryan) - Legal and Real Opportunities for the National Minorities Residing on the Territory of the Republic of Armenia (Hranush Kharatyan)