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The article represents the first attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the economic journalism in A.S. Suvorin's newspaper Novoye Vremya in the 1880s. It was a period when after heated discussions about the role of private and state capital in the economy, the public sentiment and government policy increasingly shifted in favor of the necessity of state ownership in such strategically important areas of the national economy as railways, mining plants and forests. After A.S. Suvorin acquired ownership of the Novoye Vremya in 1876, the newspaper took on a noticeable national-democratic slant, which became increasingly more conspicuous over the years. Despite the editor's allegiance to the authorities, his contemporaries deservedly saw him as an independent figure. The influence of Suvorin's newspaper was so significant that the famous parlor general E.V. Bogdanovich tried (not always successfully) to use it to his advantage. Bogdanovich, who initially advocated the "concession" nature of the Siberian Railway, later supported its construction at the expense of the treasury. A.S. Suvorin himself, as well as such regular newspaper contributors as V.K. Petersen and K.A. Skalkovsky were also initially supporters of private capital, concerning it an active creative force. At the same time, Novoye Vremya assessed the German experience of "state socialism" quite positively, but pointed out its inapplicability to Russian conditions and the lack of a suffcient number of active and incorruptible officials in the country. In 1883 K.A. Skalkovsky engaged in polemics with M.N. Katkov, criticizing his project to create state-owned grain elevators. However, from the mid-1880s the editors of Novoye Vremya were forced to support "statist" tendencies in the economic life of the country. In general, the economic policy of that time was not as dogmatic as in the subsequent socialist era. Subject to political interests, it was rather instrumental, practical and situational in its orientation, and the ambiguity of the position of the publicists of Suvorin's periodical largely resulted from the latter circumstance.

The article is devoted revolutionaries narodovolets, was serving a sentence in the territory of modern Kuzbass in 1870 – 1880. The author found that the territory of modern Kuzbass exiled more twenty exiles of the narodovolets. Most of them were in the city ofMariinsk. Exiled narodovolets had a rich political past, participated in various secret societies, including the «Land and Freedom», engaged in propaganda of their ideas, involved in going to the people. At the Mariinsky they tried to stick together, some of them were married in exile. They liaise with the political exiles who are in other regions ofSiberia. The activities of the People exiles helped to increase the political activity of the local population of Kuzbass. ; Статья посвящена революционерам народовольцам, отбывавшим наказание на территории современного Кузбасса в 1870 – 1880-х гг. Автором установлено, что на территории современного Кузбасса отбывали ссылку более двух десятков ссыльных народовольцев. Большинство из них находились в городе Мариинск. Ссыльные народовольцы имели богатое политическое прошлое, участвовали в различных тайных обществах, в том числе в «Земле и воле», занимались пропагандой своих идей, участвовали в хождении в народ. В Мариинске они старались держаться вместе, некоторые из них заключили браки в ссылке. Они поддерживали связи с политическими ссыльными, находящимися в других регионах Сибири. Деятельность ссыльных народовольцев способствовала повышению политической активности местного населения Кузбасса.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of Dragan Tsankov as the head of the government of the Bulgarian Principality in 1880. Based on archival materials from the scientific archive of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, the Bulgarian Historical Archive at the National Library named after St. Cyril and Methodius, as well as the press of the period under review and the works of modern Bulgarian and Ukrainian researchers, identified the tasks that D. Tsankov set for the ministries, the main stages of the implementation of government and party goals, as well as foreign policy guidelines. Also the author touches on the issue of disagreements between the leaders of the Liberal Party and the internal party contradictions. The author comes to the conclusion that a homogeneous liberal government led by D. Tsankov in a fairly short time prepared and passed through the National Assembly a several important bills aimed primarily at financially and economically stabilizing the state. He was a supporter of a system of broad self-government as a guarantee of the Constitution and national freedom, and also proceeded from the needs and interests of the state and the Bulgarian people. However, part of the election promises were not fulfilled, in particular, the land issue was not completely resolved. Decline in authority, disagreement between party members and strained relations with the prince became significant reasons for the collapse of D. Tsankov's cabinet. However, this stage in the life brought D. Tsankov invaluable experience in public administration, which was an opportunity to popularize his political principles, find like-minded people and, in the future, gain a foothold as a separate political force from the Liberal and Conservative parties. ; Статья посвящена анализу деятельности Драгана Цанкова в качестве главы правительства Болгарского княжества в 1880 г. На основе архивных материалов научного архива Болгарской академии наук (НА–БАН), Болгарского исторического архива при Национальной библиотеке им. св. Кирилла и Мефодия (БИА–НБКМ), а также прессе рассматриваемого периода, работ современных болгарских и украинских исследователей были определены задачи, которые Д. Цанков ставил перед министерствами, основные этапы реализации правительственных и партийных целей, а также внешнеполитические ориентиры. Кроме того, автор затрагивает тему разногласий между лидерами Либеральной партии и внутрипартийных противоречий. Автор приходит к выводу, что гомогенное либеральное правительство во главе с Д. Цанковым за достаточно короткое время подготовило и провело через Народное собрание ряд важных законопроектов, направленных, прежде всего, на финансово-экономическую стабилизацию государства. Он был сторонником системы широкого самоуправления, как гарантии Конституции и национальной свободы, а также исходил из потребностей и интересов государства и болгар. Однако часть предвыборных обещаний не была выполнена, в частности, не до конца был решен земельный вопрос. Снижение авторитета, разногласия между однопартийцами и натянутые отношения с князем стали весомыми причинами краха кабинета Д. Цанкова. Однако данный этап в жизни принес политику бесценный опыт государственного управления, что явилось возможностью популяризировать свои политические принципы, найти единомышленников и в будущем – закрепиться в качестве отдельной от Либеральной и Консервативной партий политической силы.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of Dragan Tsankov as the head of the government of the Bulgarian Principality in 1880. Based on archival materials from the scientific archive of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, the Bulgarian Historical Archive at the National Library named after St. Cyril and Methodius, as well as the press of the period under review and the works of modern Bulgarian and Ukrainian researchers, identified the tasks that D. Tsankov set for the ministries, the main stages of the implementation of government and party goals, as well as foreign policy guidelines. Also the author touches on the issue of disagreements between the leaders of the Liberal Party and the internal party contradictions. The author comes to the conclusion that a homogeneous liberal government led by D. Tsankov in a fairly short time prepared and passed through the National Assembly a several important bills aimed primarily at financially and economically stabilizing the state. He was a supporter of a system of broad self-government as a guarantee of the Constitution and national freedom, and also proceeded from the needs and interests of the state and the Bulgarian people. However, part of the election promises were not fulfilled, in particular, the land issue was not completely resolved. Decline in authority, disagreement between party members and strained relations with the prince became significant reasons for the collapse of D. Tsankov's cabinet. However, this stage in the life brought D. Tsankov invaluable experience in public administration, which was an opportunity to popularize his political principles, find like-minded people and, in the future, gain a foothold as a separate political force from the Liberal and Conservative parties. ; Статья посвящена анализу деятельности Драгана Цанкова в качестве главы правительства Болгарского княжества в 1880 г. На основе архивных материалов научного архива Болгарской академии наук (НА–БАН), Болгарского исторического архива при Национальной библиотеке им. св. Кирилла и Мефодия (БИА–НБКМ), а также прессе рассматриваемого периода, работ современных болгарских и украинских исследователей были определены задачи, которые Д. Цанков ставил перед министерствами, основные этапы реализации правительственных и партийных целей, а также внешнеполитические ориентиры. Кроме того, автор затрагивает тему разногласий между лидерами Либеральной партии и внутрипартийных противоречий. Автор приходит к выводу, что гомогенное либеральное правительство во главе с Д. Цанковым за достаточно короткое время подготовило и провело через Народное собрание ряд важных законопроектов, направленных, прежде всего, на финансово-экономическую стабилизацию государства. Он был сторонником системы широкого самоуправления, как гарантии Конституции и национальной свободы, а также исходил из потребностей и интересов государства и болгар. Однако часть предвыборных обещаний не была выполнена, в частности, не до конца был решен земельный вопрос. Снижение авторитета, разногласия между однопартийцами и натянутые отношения с князем стали весомыми причинами краха кабинета Д. Цанкова. Однако данный этап в жизни принес политику бесценный опыт государственного управления, что явилось возможностью популяризировать свои политические принципы, найти единомышленников и в будущем – закрепиться в качестве отдельной от Либеральной и Консервативной партий политической силы.

Unter den Genre-Konzepten der Liebe, die sich in der russischen Poesie des 18. Jahrhunderts entwickelt haben (erotiko-politischer Mythos über die Liebesbeziehungen der Herrscher – epithalamische Ode; Triumph des Körpers und der Physiologie – priapische Ode; Hedonismus – anakreontische Ode), nimmt die historiosophische Ode einen besonderen Platz ein. Einer der Vertreter dieses Genres – "Das Reich der universellen Liebe" von S. S. Bobrow – versucht es, Eros und Geschichte zu verbinden. Ideen des Dichters-Freimaurers Bobrow über den Ursprung der Liebe gehen auf Mythen verschiedener Genese zurück. Eine andere Idee von Bobrov war, dass Liebe Licht und Harmonie in die unbelebte Natur bringt, während die lebendige Natur in seiner Gänze dem Gesetz der Liebe – einem Gesetz der Fortsetzung des Lebens untergeordnet ist. Letzten Endes erscheint die Liebe als harmonisierender kosmischer Kraft in Bobrows historiosophischer Ode. ; Among the genre concepts of Love formed in the poetry of the 18th century (erotic-political myth about the love of monarchs in an epithalamic ode; triumph of flesh and physiology in priapic ode; hedonism in anacreontic ode) aspecial place is occupied by the concept of historiosophical ode. In one of the works of this genre – «The Kingdom of Total Love» by S. S. Bobrov – an attempt was made to combine Eros and History. The ideas of Bobrov, a freemason poet, about the origin of Love go back to the myths of various genesis. Another idea was that Love brings light and harmony to non-living nature, and living nature is completely submitted to the Law of Love – the Law of the continuation of Life. In general, Love appears in Bobrov's historiosophical ode as a harmonizing cosmic force. ; Среди сформировавшихся в поэзии XVIII века жанровых концепций любви (эротико-политический миф о любви монархов в эпиталамической оде; торжество плоти и физиологии в приапической оде; гедонизм в анакреонтической оде) особое место занимает концепция историософской оды. В одном из произведений этого жанра – «Царстве всеобщей любви» С. С. Боброва – предпринята попытка соединить Эрос и Историю. Идеи Боброва, поэта-масона, о происхождении любви восходят к мифам разного генезиса. Другой бобровской идеей была та, что любовь вносит в неживую природу свет и гармонию, а природа живая целиком и полностью подчинена закону любви – закону продолжения жизни. В целом любовь предстает в историософской оде Боброва как гармонизирующая космическая сила.

В статье рассматриваются различные периоды в исследовании творчества С. Есенина китайскими литературоведами и лингвистами. Стихотворения великого русского поэта широко известны не только в России, но и в других странах, включая Китай. Лирика С. Есенина была признана символом свободы и бунта, что предопределило рост интереса к ней в Китае в 20–30-е годы XX столетия. В китайском есениноведении доцент Цю Цзинцзюань различает два периода [4]. Однако для более детального воссоздания истории исследовательских обращений к стихам поэта представляется необходимым выделить четыре этапа: изучение творчества С. Есенина в китайской среде началось с 1921 года (1 этап), в 1950–1970-е гг. наметилась стагнация научного интереса к наследию поэта (2 этап), который снова усилился в 1980-е годы (3 этап) и продолжил укрепляться с 1990-х годов по настоящее время (4 этап). Материалом исследования послужили научные работы китайских филологов, занимающихся изучением творчества С. Есенина. В работе нашли применение методы систематизации, обобщения, языкового анализа, описания, сопоставления, критического анализа. Установлено, что на современном этапе китайские исследователи высоко оценивают творчество С. Есенина. В целом в Китае довольно много научных работ, посвященных С. Есенину и его творчеству, что свидетельствует о значительной популярности его поэзии и его влиянии на китайскую культуру и литературу. Данная тенденция продолжает развиваться. Лирика С. Есенина вдохновляет новое поколение китайских поэтов.
The article examines various periods in the research of S. Yesenin's creativity by Chinese literary scholars and linguists. The poems of the great Russian poet are widely known not only in Russia, but also in other countries, including China. S. Yesenin's poetry was recognized as a symbol of freedom and rebellion, which predetermined the growth of interest to it in China in 1920-1930. Associate Professor Qiu Jingjuan distinguishes two periods in Chinese Esenin studies [4]. However, for a more detailed reconstruction of the history of research references to the poet's poems it seems necessary to distinguish four stages: the study of S. Esenin's work in the Chinese environment began in 1921 (stage 1), in the 1950s-1970s there was a stagnation of scientific interest in the poet's heritage (stage 2), which again intensified in the 1980s (stage 3) and continued to strengthen from the 1990s to the present (stage 4). The research material was the scientific works of Chinese philologists engaged in the study of S. Yesenin's creative work. The following methods were used in the work: systematization, generalization, language analysis, description, comparison, critical analysis. It has been established that at the present stage Chinese researchers highly appreciate the work of S. Yesenin. In general, in China there are a lot of scientific works devoted to S. Yesenin and his work, which indicates the significant popularity of his poetry and his influence on Chinese culture and literature. This trend continues to develop. The lyrics of S. Yesenin inspire a new generation of Chinese poets.

В статье рассматриваются различные периоды в исследовании творчества С. Есенина китайскими литературоведами и лингвистами. Стихотворения великого русского поэта широко известны не только в России, но и в других странах, включая Китай. Лирика С. Есенина была признана символом свободы и бунта, что предопределило рост интереса к ней в Китае в 20–30-е годы XX столетия. В китайском есениноведении доцент Цю Цзинцзюань различает два периода [4]. Однако для более детального воссоздания истории исследовательских обращений к стихам поэта представляется необходимым выделить четыре этапа: изучение творчества С. Есенина в китайской среде началось с 1921 года (1 этап), в 1950–1970-е гг. наметилась стагнация научного интереса к наследию поэта (2 этап), который снова усилился в 1980-е годы (3 этап) и продолжил укрепляться с 1990-х годов по настоящее время (4 этап). Материалом исследования послужили научные работы китайских филологов, занимающихся изучением творчества С. Есенина. В работе нашли применение методы систематизации, обобщения, языкового анализа, описания, сопоставления, критического анализа. Установлено, что на современном этапе китайские исследователи высоко оценивают творчество С. Есенина. В целом в Китае довольно много научных работ, посвященных С. Есенину и его творчеству, что свидетельствует о значительной популярности его поэзии и его влиянии на китайскую культуру и литературу. Данная тенденция продолжает развиваться. Лирика С. Есенина вдохновляет новое поколение китайских поэтов.
The article examines various periods in the research of S. Yesenin's creativity by Chinese literary scholars and linguists. The poems of the great Russian poet are widely known not only in Russia, but also in other countries, including China. S. Yesenin's poetry was recognized as a symbol of freedom and rebellion, which predetermined the growth of interest to it in China in 1920-1930. Associate Professor Qiu Jingjuan distinguishes two periods in Chinese Esenin studies [4]. However, for a more detailed reconstruction of the history of research references to the poet's poems it seems necessary to distinguish four stages: the study of S. Esenin's work in the Chinese environment began in 1921 (stage 1), in the 1950s-1970s there was a stagnation of scientific interest in the poet's heritage (stage 2), which again intensified in the 1980s (stage 3) and continued to strengthen from the 1990s to the present (stage 4). The research material was the scientific works of Chinese philologists engaged in the study of S. Yesenin's creative work. The following methods were used in the work: systematization, generalization, language analysis, description, comparison, critical analysis. It has been established that at the present stage Chinese researchers highly appreciate the work of S. Yesenin. In general, in China there are a lot of scientific works devoted to S. Yesenin and his work, which indicates the significant popularity of his poetry and his influence on Chinese culture and literature. This trend continues to develop. The lyrics of S. Yesenin inspire a new generation of Chinese poets.

This article sets out to study the professors' community in the Red Professorate Institute in regards to the community's homogeneity and its didactic potential. Based on statistical and autobiographical documents deposited in the State archive of the Russian Federation, the author comes to the conclusion that the Institute did not succeed in crystallizing the cadres of a new type of Soviet professorship, due to their being no common features between its members: neither on the level of education and qualification characteristics, nor in the social homogeneity, nor in their political loyalty. The community was bright, polyphonic, heterogeneous, mobile, variable, sometimes responding to encouraging requests from the authorities (such as, for example, party membership), and sometimes ignoring them. In the socio-demographic aspect, the Institute of Red Professors did not completely become an ideological institution, how it was planned by Soviet government (although it was secured in curricula and programs of the disciplines). It was one of the places where the intelligentsia worked, where their knowledge and skills, often acquired even before 1917, were in demand.

The author describes the use of a block diagram for creative problem solving of S. Malkin, considers the techniques of adapted theory of creative problem solving, based on the algorithm of inventive problem solving (ARIZ),simplifies the algorithms for solving creative problems, which absorbed the basic steps of ARIZ.

Vl. Solovyov wrote extensively about love in his romantic and mystical poetry, in his correspondence and in his memoirs. He composed a whole book about love («The Meaning of Love», 1892-1894). The present paper is about the theme of love in Solovyov's moral philosophy as expounded in his «Justification of the Good» (1897). Love in the framework of society is legitimised in marriage, both religious and civil. Solovyov sees in marriage and family a positive consequence of the development of statehood. The problem is that he considered for a long time that the sexual act is unable to restore the lost integrity of the human being. Only chastity can. To get out of the difficulty, Solovyov invokes an «inner» (spiritual?) procreation different from an «outer» procreation. But it does not make things clearer. It seems that, in the last year of his life, Solovyov abandoned that spiritual maximalism, as is proved a contrario by the character of the Prince in «Three Conversations», who is both a celibate spiritualist and a precursor of the Antichrist.

This article describes those interaction between applied sciences (mathematics and information technology) and sociologists in the 1960's and 1980's which influenced the subsequent development of Russian sociology. The object of research is scientific articles and other texts (popular science articles, memoirs, interviews) of those participating in past and present interdisciplinary interaction. The main trait of the interdisciplinary cooperation between sociologists and mathematicians is the paradigmatization of sociology as a field of science. Precise sciences played a special role in this process, as they participated in the formation of the language, thematic repertoire and methodological arsenal of sociology. As shown by our analysis, the demand for cooperation was formed by three tasks: of the methodological, instrumental and practical (socio-engineering) variety. The article describes three cases of cooperation. Number one — when it was formed by the organizational and intellectual leadership of mathematicians (Novosibirsk school). Number two — when leadership positions were held by sociologists (Leningrad school). And number three — when "game rules" were set by external agents — the cooperation of sociologists and mathematicians in the name of solving industrial tasks. The typical tasks which scientists collectively solved in each of these three cases were identified and systematized. The article offers conclusions about the significance of this period for the development of sociology. Further development of this topic, in our opinion, lies within giving direction to the analysis of cooperation mechanisms between sociologists and researchers in the field of precise sciences, as well as its institutionalization.

The article looks into the reasons underlying the outspread of the full-scale mechanism of banking regulation over U. S. investment banks. We analyze the effect of the Basel III standards on stress-resilience of investment banks and examine the role of U. S. investment banks in ensuring financial stability. Based on regression analysis we found that minimum capital adequacy standards of Basel III do not have negative effect on ROE of the U. S. investment banks that are G-SIB category-designate; however, additional capital requirements (Higher Loss Absorbency (HLA) surcharge) that depend on G-SIB's systemic significance according to their bucket as per Financial Stability Board classification do have significant and negative effect on ROE in the post crisis period. Besides, leverage requirements that also depend on G-SIB's systemic significance have a statistically significant effect on ROE.

В статье рассматривается место и роль государства в эпоху глобальных и региональных преобразований. Изменения в современном мире способствуют трансформации институтов государственной власти. Рассматриваются оптимистичный и пессимистичный взгляды на перспективы государства в эпоху глобализации. На смену классическому национальному государству приходит проект транснациональных государственных форм, который в наибольшей степени реализуется в рамках Европейского Союза. = The article is devoted to studying of the place and role of the state in the era of global and regional changes. Changes in the modern world cause the transformation of state institutions. The paper deals with the optimistic and pessimistic views on the prospects of the state in the era of globalization. The classical nation-state project is replaced by the project of transnational state, which is implemented in the European Union.