"Dionysius Bar Ṣalībī's Treatise against the Jews offers rare and illuminating insight into Christian-Jewish-Muslim relations during the Crusader era, not from the perspective of western Crusaders, but from the frequently neglected viewpoint of the Oriental Orthodox tradition. Bar Ṣalībī, a distinguished hierarch of the Syrian Orthodox Church, lived in a turbulent time of heightened tensions in the Levant. The Treatise against the Jews, which forms part of the corpus of Syriac polemical works, investigates the prejudices of Christians and Jews towards each other during the 12 century AD.This edition and translation is based on all the available manuscripts of the text, accompanied by extensive introductions, notes and commentary as well as studies of its place in the field of Syriac Patristic polemics"--
"The crusading movements provoked a vast and diverse mass of reactions in the medieval West. While Latin sources provide official versions of its preaching, organisation and events, the vernacular lyrics of the troubadours and trouvères present a secular perspective, through a cornucopia of on-the-spot responses in France, Occitania, Italy, the Iberian Peninsula, Cyprus, Syria and Greece. This book constitutes the first comprehensive, modern analysis of Old French and Occitan lyric texts relating to the crusades. It brings out their full range, from propaganda for the crusades, to criticisms of crusading and crusaders through vituperation, humour or cynicism, to their use as a pretext for political or personal wrangling. It also shows how they shed light on many aspects of medieval life, among them chivalric and courtly values (often in tension with clerical ones), regional politics, sexual behaviour, personal experiences of crusading and captivity, the complex interaction of Christians, Greeks and Muslims, and bafflement in the face of failure and God's imponderable purposes"--Back cover image
"Two Medieval Toll Registers from Tarascon presents an edition, translation, and discussion of two vernacular toll registers from fourteenth and fifteenth-century Provence. These two registers are a valuable new source for the economic, linguistic, and transportation history of medieval France, offering a window onto the commercial life of Tarascon, a fortified town on the east bank of the Rhône between Avignon and Arles. William D. Paden discusses the developing fiscal policy of the counts of Provence, for whom the tolls were collected, and the practice and vocabulary of medieval toll-keeping. An afterword considers the toll registers in relation to the poetry of troubadours, arguing that the realism of the registers and the idealism of troubadour poetry overlapped in the world of medieval Tarascon. "--
The study of the relationship between language and thought, and how this apparently differs between cultures and social groups, is a rapidly expanding area of enquiry. This book discusses the relationship between language and the mental organisation of knowledge, based on the results of a fieldwork project carried out in the Kingdom of Tonga in Polynesia. It challenges some existing assumptions in linguistics, cognitive anthropology and cognitive science and proposes a new foundational cultural model, 'radiality', to show how space, time and social relationships are expressed both linguistically and cognitively. A foundational cultural model is knowledge that is repeated in several domains and shared within a cultural homogeneous group. These knowledge structures are lenses through which we interpret the world and guide our behaviour. The book will be welcomed by researchers and students working within the fields of psycholinguistics, anthropological linguistics, cognitive anthropology, cognitive psychology, cross-cultural psychology, and cognitive science
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Il poema Sens e razos d'una escriptura, noto anche come Vangelo occitano di Nicodemo, è uno dei più interessanti della letteratura religiosa in lingua d'oc, eppure è stato fino a oggi sorprendentemente trascurato. Attingendo a diverse fonti, anche di natura apocrifa, il testo prende avvio dalla passione di Gesù e dai fatti che la seguirono – tra cui lo spettacolare spaccato della Discesa agli inferi del Signore – e prosegue tracciando una storia completa della salvezza, fino al Giudizio Finale. Malgrado la pluralità di materiali eterogenei usati dall'autore, il poema presenta una chiara unità stilistica. Ma si possono soprattutto riconoscervi precise finalità politico-religiose, che ci riportano all'ambiente dei francescani spirituali della Francia meridionale fra XIII e XIV secolo. Il poema sembra essere stato composto proprio nell'area geografica, tra Narbona e Montpellier, in cui operò in quel periodo il più grande esponente del francescanesimo occitano più radicale, Pietro di Giovanni Olivi. Alla sua teologia storica, di ispirazione gioachimita, fa pensare l'idea stessa, assolutamente originale rispetto alle altre rielaborazioni vernacolari del Vangelo di Nicodemo, di integrarlo in una visione di tipo escatologico nel quale il ruolo di Cristo è centrale. Ma anche altri temi dell'opera rinviano alle idee dell'Olivi e degli Spirituali occitani: in particolare quella del tempo presente come tempo di peccato e di abbandono della fede, indizio di un prossimo avvento dell'Anticristo e della fine del mondo, e quella di una necessaria fase di tribolazione e di lotta contro il Male, che precederà la Parusia e la ricompensa dei buoni. La presente opera offre la prima edizione filologicamente affidabile di questo importante poema, pubblicato una sola volta, nel lontano 1883, da Hermann Suchier. L'edizione è accompagnata da una traduzione letterale e da una annotazione essenziale che consentono un immediato accessus ad textum. Il volume mette così a disposizione dei filologi e degli storici uno strumento indispensabile per una più approfondita conoscenza della letteratura religiosa occitana del medioevo e del suo contesto storico e culturale.
The legend of Sergius Bahira in the light of Christian apologetics vis-a-vis Islam -- Muslim-Christian confrontation and counterhistory -- The Islamic Bahira -- The apocalypse of Bahira -- Bahira's teachings -- Breaking crosses -- God's word and his spirit-Bahira's christology -- Protection and recognition-Bahira and Q 5:82 -- The physics of heaven -- The Qur'an against Islam -- The legend outside the legend -- Bahira the source -- Bahira the heretic -- Bahira the false witness -- Bahira the victim -- Jewish traditions about Bahira -- Bahira the forecaster -- Concluding discussion -- Texts and translations -- The recensions and the manuscript tradition -- Some characteristics of the recensions -- Textual genealogy -- Manuscripts -- Conspectus siglorum -- Methodological considerations -- The East-Syrian recension -- The West-Syrian recension -- The short Arabic recension -- The long Arabic recension
