The commitment of Chilean communist party to rules of liberal democratic system. The risky bet of a self-contradictory doer. ; L'engagement du parti communiste chilien en faveur des règles du système démocratique libéral. Le pari risqué d'un acteur contradictoire

Abstract

The Chilean Communist Party [PCCh] was a pragmatic, manipulating party that sustained the pacific way until the very last minute, which rejected the armed path as a politic option and perfectly mastered the rules of the political game. But at the same time, it has always a disciplined party, with a rigid hierarchy and loyal to the URSS. The PCCh "wasn't a party like the others", in the sense that he must face constant internal pressure among a social dimension and a theological dimension. This work relates to a contradictory actor in the political scene, which didn't stand as a simple satellite of Moscow orders. In fact, their political action was determined by a democratic habitus which behavior results of a deep understanding of the rules played on the political arena, and the social structures learned through the party's experience. The construction and further consolidation of this habitus, and the confrontation of the democratic principles when the party reached the Presidency of the Nation [as a member of the Popular Unity Alliance], showed us how these democratic habits grew inside the PCCh et how this democratic habitus was built by the successive PCCh leaders, at different times and scenarios, because the PCCh's practices were closely aligned with the democratic principles. In that way, and holding this particular political know-how which differenced them from the rest of the Latin American communist parties, the PCCh contributed to sustain a practice-based system and the representations of the democratic Chilean regime, reaching a privileged place in the Chilean political order. ; Le Parti communiste chilien était un parti pragmatique, manipulateur, qui a soutenu la voie pacifique jusqu'au bout, a rejeté la voie armée comme moyen de lutte politique et a maîtrisé à la perfection les règles du jeu politique. Mais, dans le même temps, il a été un parti discipliné, hiérarchisé, fidèle aux directives de l'URSS. Le PCCh n'était pas un parti « comme les autres », car il devait faire face aux tensions ...