Medically assisted reproduction in comparative private international law ; L'assistance médicale à la procréation en droit international privé comparé

Abstract

Medically assisted reproduction radically affects human reproduction. Surrogacy, artificial reproduction technologies for same-sex couples, or which take place post mortem, profoundly change our concept of parentage. The cross-border dimension of this phenomenon provokes difficulties especially with respect to the recognition of parentage relationships that have been established in countries that authorise the aforementioned techniques. The study foreign liberal legislation, as well as of the case law on the circulation of legal parent-child relationships indicates that the conflict-of-laws rules on parentage becomes less significant. The method of recognition does not seem either able to facilitate considerably the recognition of parentage bonds that have been established in a foreign country. Nonetheless, the protection of family life constitutes a legal basis common in European states that can be invoked in favour of such recognition. Such recognition can furthermore be promoted by adopting a private international law rule of substantive nature and by strengthening the reasoning behind the recourse to the public policy exception mechanism this reinforcement of the reasoning and the influence of European law on the circulation of personal status can promote legal certainty and foreseeability. Finally, efficient solutions to cater for the risks inherent in cross­border access to assisted reproduction necessitates the adoption of rules substantial nature both in national and in international level and a better cooperation among member states of the European Union. ; L'assistance médicale bouleverse les données de la procréation humaine. La gestation pour autrui, la procréation médicalement assistée en faveur des couples de même sexe ou effectuée post mortem changent radicalement la conception de la filiation. La dimension transfrontalière du phénomène suscite des difficultés, notamment s'agissant de la reconnaissance de liens de filiation créés à l'étranger. L'étude des législations étrangères libérales ainsi ...