Primary school education in Moselle from 1918 to 1939 : social history study of a specific school characteristic ; L'enseignement primaire mosellan de 1918 à 1939 : essai d'histoire sociale d'un particularisme scolaire

Abstract

For about one hundred and fifty years, state primary schools in moselle have remained denominational. The present organisation of state primary schools in the "departement" of moselle is still deeply influenced by a legislative decision, the falloux law, voted in 1850. The german annexation in 1871, the change of political sovereignty that took place in 1918, the restoring of the republican legality in 1944 after four years of german occupation, didn't alter that situation at all. The main purpose of this study limited to the two decades between world war 1 and world war 2 and dealing with the land which was recovered in 1918 to become the "departement" of moselle, is to find out the reasons for that legislative status quo applied to state primary schools. The work is based on two themes : first the structures, that is the schools, and second the people involved, that is the pupils and the teachers. The very purpose of this study may justify its two-point structure which has the advandage to make a complex question casier to grasp, that question being the relationship between the state and the catholic church in a land annexed in 1871 and which became part of the french nation again in 1918 ; Depuis près de cent-cinquante ans, l'enseignement primaire public mosellan est resté confessionnel. L'organisation actuelle de l'enseignement primaire public, dans le département de la Moselle, garde la marque profonde d'un texte législatif, la loi Falloux, voté en 1850. Ni l'annexion allemande de 1871, ni le changement de souveraineté politique intervenu en 1918, ni le rétablissement de la légalité républicaine en 1944, après quatre années d'occupation nazie, ne modifièrent cet état de chose. La recherche des causes de l'immobilisme du droit s'appliquant aux écoles primaires publiques constitue la principale motivation de cette étude, limitée aux deux décennies de l'entre-deux-guerres, circonscrite au territoire recouvre en 1918, devenu département de la Moselle. La présentation s'articule autour de deux thèmes : les ...