Scheduling and routing for increasing the network lifetime in wireless sensor networks ; Ordonnancement et routage pour l'augmentation de la durée de vie dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (RCSF) is a technology that has a wide range of civil or military applications, including battlefield monitoring, environmental monitoring or smart city. However, WSN are characterized by high limitations in terms of energy (battery-operated nodes) and wireless links (low power and lossy links). The work done in this PhD thesis aims to provide solutions that guarantee a certain quality of service in the context of wireless sensor networks. The first part of this work concerns the medium access control layer with the aim of increasing the lifetime of the network. The access to the wireless medium is analyzed and modeled as a link scheduling problem, taking into account collisions. First, a study of the complexity of this problem is carried out, then a distributed and fault-tolerant approach with guaranteed performance is proposed (SS-DD2EC) to solve this problem. The second part is about message routing with the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network (RPL). First of all, a comparison between the various existing routing metrics for the optimization of the energy consumed has been carried out. In addition of lifetime, the reliability and end-to-end latency criteria are considered for evaluating these metrics. Then, two new RPL metrics (R_MinMax and R_Delai) were proposed, achieving significant gains over the state of the art. The first one only considers the energy consumption and reliability, while the second one takes also into account the end-to-end latency. ; Les réseaux de capteurs sans fil (RCSF) sont très largement utilisés dans divers domaines d'applications civiles et militaires, comme la surveillance de champs de bataille, la détection de phénomène environnementaux, ou encore les bâtiments intelligents. Cependant, les réseaux de capteurs sans fil sont caractérisés par de fortes limitations au niveau de l'énergie disponible et des communications radio. Les travaux réalisés dans cette thèse visent à proposer des solutions garantissant une certaine qualité de service ...