Visual simulators replicate vision with multifocal lenses

Abstract

11 pags., 7 figs. -- Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 4.0 ; Adaptive optics (AO) visual simulators based on deformable mirrors, spatial light modulators or optotunable lenses are increasingly used to simulate vision through different multifocal lens designs. However, the correspondence of this simulation with that obtained through real intraocular lenses (IOLs) tested on the same eyes has not been, to our knowledge, demonstrated. We compare through-focus (TF) optical and visual quality produced by real multifocal IOLs (M-IOLs) -bifocal refractive and trifocal diffractive- projected on the subiect's eye with those same designs simulated with a spatial light modulator (SLM) or an optotunable lens working in temporal multiplexing mode (SimVis technology). Measurements were performed on 7 cyclopleged subjects using a custom-made multichannel 3-active-optical-elements polychromatic AO Visual Simulator in monochromatic light. The same system was used to demonstrate performance of the real IOLs, SLM and SimVis technology simulations on bench using double-pass imaging on an artificial eye. Results show a general good correspondence between the TF performance with the real and simulated M-IOLs, both optically (on bench) and visually (measured visual acuity in patients). We demonstrate that visual simulations in an AO environment capture to a large extent the individual optical and visual performance obtained with real M-IOLs, both in absolute values and in the shape of through-focus curves. ; Tis research has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP/2007–2013)/ERC Grant Agreement. [ERC-2011-AdC 294099]; the H2020 COFUND Marie Curie 291820 program; ERCPoC SimVis project. Tis study was also supported by Spanish Government grant FIS2014-56643-R to S.M., FIS2017-84753-R to S.M. and C.D., and DTS16-00127 to C.D., and Spanish Government FPU Predoctoral Fellowship (FPU16/01944) to S.A. Authors thank Laura Barrios from the Scientifc Calculus Center of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) for help with the statistical analysis.