ПУТЬ КАНТА К ВЕЧНОМУ МИРУ В XXI ВЕКЕ

Abstract

Излагаются основные идеи книги «За мир», в которой автор опирается на тексты Эразма Роттердамского, Канта и Саломо Фридлендера и апеллирует к основным принципам японской конституции. Развиваются следующие тезисы: человек, несомненно, имеет право возлагать надежды на будущее; достижение вечного мира является делом исключительно лишь самого человека; в итоге все зависит от воспитания личности, потому что именно она действует в реальном мире как субъект свободы и ratio essendi моральности; свобода же, в свою очередь, выступает краеугольным камнем для людей, стремящихся к миру от всего сердца. ; This article presents the key ideas of the book Für den Frieden, in which the author scrutinises the basic principles of the Japanese constitution with the help of the works of Erasmus of Rotterdam, Kant, and Salomo Friedländer. The article develops the following theses: the human being has a right to pin their hopes on the future; the task of establishing perpetual peace rests with the human being themselves; as a result, everything depends on the development of personality, since it is that acts in the real world as an agent of freedom and ratio essendi of morality, whereas freedom is the 'cornerstone' for people striving for peace with all their hearts. The author of the article believes that the idea of perpetual peace formulated by Saint-Pierre, Rousseau, and Kant is always relevant for the humanity. At the same time, the author stresses that more significant results in establishing peace and politics were achieved in the second half of the 20 th century than ever before. Kant played the decisive role in this process being the only philosopher who took the issue of philosophical justification of perpetual peace to the logical conclusion. One can say that the humanity is now firmly on the path towards perpetual peace, whose philosophical justification was given by Kant. It was Kant who gave the discussions the Archimedean 'place to stand', which made it possible to show the philosophers the possibility of perpetual peace.