ПРОЕКТНЫЙ МЕТОД В РЕЖИССУРЕ ТЕАТРАЛИЗОВАННЫХ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ И ПРАЗДНИКОВ

Abstract

Наиболее эффективно сегодня образовательный процесс осуществляется при использовании метода проектов, который был разработан в начале XX века с целью ориентирования обучения на целесообразную деятельность личности с учетом интересов, что позволяло и позволяет учебным заведениям предоставлять ученикам, студентам право свободного выбора занятий, а главное, предвидеть результаты своей деятельности ; Today's learning process is most effectively carried out when using the project method, which was developed in the early twentieth century, the American scientist J. Dewey and discussed in detail in the proceedings of the American teachers U. Agricultural Kilpatrick, E. Collins, Barking, Thorndike, and others with the purpose of orientation training on appropriate activities of individuals with regard to the interests. The curriculum, the main principle of which is the phrase "All of life, all life, is considered as a set of interrelated experiments, as the main point of the project method consists in solving through project activities, providing direct practical application of knowledge, which ultimately stimulates the person to learn and knowledge. In Russia in 1905, almost in parallel with the development of the American teachers under the leadership of the Russian teacher ST Shatsky was organized by a small group of people trying to actively use the design methods in the practice of teaching, but because of the unpreparedness of teachers to work with this method, almost all innovations have come to naught. In America project after some time, was subjected to massive criticism for violating the systematic training and reduce the level of theoretical knowledge of students of secondary schools in basic Sciences. However, many researchers, given the realities of the public demands at the present stage, pay method projects of great importance, because, of course, today, society needs an active, dynamic professionals, who are able to see the situation as a whole, prepared in connection with this event instantly to change responsibly to solve any problem, to see the prospects of their own activities. In his book "Design method" Karl Frey allocates 17 qualities (project initiative of life; agreement with each other about learning; development of project initiatives, bringing it to the attention of all; the organization itself on the matter; inform each other about the progress of the work; discussions etc), knowledge of which is required during development of the project. E. C. Polat in his book "Modern school: a view of theory and practice", indicates that the method of projects is the development of cognitive and creative skills, skills to independently design knowledge to navigate in the information space and the development of critical thinking. Project method always involves the solution of problems involving, on the one hand, the use of different methods, on the other hand the integration of knowledge, skills from various fields of science, engineering, technology, creative industries. Design work is always creative activity, evidence of which, in our case, we offer work on production of the pageant, holiday, theme parties, concerts, etc. which is always assumed and involves the use of project method. The project approach involves a fundamentally new approach to learning, involving self development and implementation of a teaching project, and that's what eventually happens in the work on the production work. The teacher invites the students to prepare a theatrical performance on a specific calendar date, in which the idea of ideological and thematic basis develops together with the student group. The project is a prototype of the ideal image of the suspected or possible object States, in our case the Director's staging of view, which suggests a phased work. At the first stage of the creative group under the skillful direction of the teacher, individually and collectively, engaged in discussion, the definition of the concept of future performances and tasks further joint activities. In the second stage, the creative group after analyzing the personal experience of the project participants, if available scripts, defines the individual task of each participant is working on solving collective problems. At the third stage the stage of the project, there is a discussion of the choice of research methods and information retrieval, independent work of participants over the set of individual and collective tasks at a constant intermediate discussion, the control results. In the fourth stage, after the completion of the project (show view), comes the moment of evaluation, which includes the importance and relevance of directing plays, the validity of a given topic and ideas, if the directing techniques, the activity of each participant project in accordance with its individual features, the collective nature of production work, the nature of communication and mutual complementarity of the participants of the project, the necessary and sufficient depth of penetration in the ideological and thematic basis of presentation, involvement of correct knowledge from other disciplines (literature, film, music, art, politics, architecture and so on), the validity of the decisions, the ability to argue their conclusions, the aesthetics of the design results of the project, the ability to answer the questions of the opponents.