Глобализация, регионализация и регионализм: особенности, отличия и общие черты

Abstract

Статья посвящена определению терминов "глобализация", "регионализация" и "регионализм", различиям и общим чертам глобализации и регионализации, последствиям регионализма для государств. Автор доказывает, что регионализм не является прямой угрозой государственности (суверенитета и независимости) различных стран, он является тенденцией изменений устройства государства, которое могло бы моментально реагировать на международные и местные процессы без ущерба для своей экономической и социальной жизни. ; The article is devoted to defining the terms of globalization, regionalization and regionalism. It deals with differences and similarities of globalization and regionalization, as well as with consequences that states face due to regionalism. Active foreign policy aimed at integration processes occurring in the global society makes regions gain importance on international arena, i.e. results in regionalism. Analysis shows that this phenomenon is directly related to such important global tendencies as globalization and regionalization. These processes reflect the current trend of world development and appear to be in the spotlight of scientific debate and public attention due to opportunities and risks that they bring along. Differences regionalization of globalization lies in the fact that: Regionalization usually based on legal principles in international memorandum of association. Globalism is managed by political means, dictated by power centers; Usually regional convergence and unification occurs between close geographically, socially and economically similar in character states. Globalization involves opposite in all aspects country and society; Regionalization polycentric. All partners have their share of benefits from the association. Globalization monocentric, trade expansion, based on formal equal opportunities competition turns banal exploitation of the weak by strong partners. Current globalization and regionalization processes represent the key vector of global development. According to some researchers, regionalism is not a direct threat to statehood (sovereignty and independence) of various countries, but a tendency towards changes in the state system which could instantly respond to international and local processes avoiding damage to its economic and social life. This tendency should be taken into consideration since domestic regions provide the world politics with a new dimension.