РИЗИКОРІЄНТОВАНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ В СИСТЕМІ БАНКІВСЬКОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ; RISK-BASED GOVERNANCE IN BANK'S MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Abstract

Управління кредитним ризиком банку направлене на запобігання ймовірності настання негативного впливу на діяльність банківської системи в цілому та розробку шляхів та заходів вчасного реагування у випадку настання ризику.Актуальність даної теми обумовлюється нестабільністю банківської системи, широким спектром існування ризикорієнтованих факторів, що стримують фінансово-економічну незалежність банків. З метою передбачення та вчасного виявлення, розробкою реальних заходів щодо запобігання кредитного ризику, грамотним його управлінням та розв'язком, дана стаття направлена на характеристику основних ризик орієнтованих моментів в управлінні різних сфер банківської діяльності.Ціль даної статті направлена на дослідження та втілення ризикорієнтованого управління у банківській діяльності, використання найдоцільніших важелів впливу щодо покращення управлінських рішень у вирішенні проблемних питань з настанням кредитних ризиків у сфері банківського менеджменту. ; Management of the bank's credit risk is directed at preventing the possibility of an adverse impact on the activities of banking system im general and the development of ways and measures for timely response in the event of a risk.The urgency of this issue is conditioned by the instability of banking system, the wide spectrum of existence of risk-oriental factors that restrain the anancial and economic independence of banks. For the purpose of pre-emptive and timely detection, developing effective measures to prevent credit risk, competent management and resolution. This article is devoted to the characterization of the main risk of oriented moments in the management of various spheres of banking activity.The purpose of this article is to focus on the research and implementation of risk-oriented management in banking activities, use of the most suitable levers of influence for improve managerial solutions in solving problems with onset of credit risks in the spheres of banking management.Crisis phenomena of the financial system lead to significant problems in the banking segment of our state, which are related with abrupt reduction in the amount of banks, increase in level of riskiness of banks. That's why there is a necessity for risk-oriented management in the banking management system to form a system of guaranteeing the prevention of similar problems in the future. Thus, the modern banking system is still underdeveloped, does not obey its functions properly and lags behind other European countries. This situation extends the risks for the further stable functioning of the banking system, reduces its ability to allocate constantly increasing money supply and implement effective redistribution of temporarily free funds across the country's economy.Efficient risk management consists of several stages, from the identification of potential, possible causes to constant control of the level of risk. The regularity of risk monitoring, continuity and constant research of its level has been becoming great valuable. Domestic economists haven't defined optimum methods of credit risks management in the bank activity. However, recent international researches of scientists on risk issues denote us the necessity of the formation risk-oriented management in experts and heads of enterprises in our state.It should be noticed that the bank credit risk is traditionally related with certain factors of the services and operations: commercial bank credit operations, investment (formation of portfolio securities), guarantee services, derivative operations, loan services (leasing, factoring, etc.)Consequently, each of these services and operations has a common factor that can be identified as a risk. But we think the another type of risk, such as risk-oriented management, which is needed to achieve the efficiency of the management system, must be added to these factors. Such risk management provides a set of measures and methods of management the numerous hazards and opportunities, that affect its ability to achieve the intended goals and its control, implemented by the financial institution. Although risk is not a loss for the bank, its understanding and management can increase the efficiency of any business. The problem for any bank is losses. The threat of emergence of losses, the concept of their causes compels to manage risk and develops the necessary measures to reduce the risk of financial losses. We can assume that risk is a measure of danger, which is determined by the probability of realization of a hazard in a dangerous event and the degree of gravity of financial losses.There is a necessity of approval risk-oriented management and thinking in the sphere of quality management, finance, banking, ecology, energy conservation, etc., at the legislative level in our state nowadays in terms of implementation of the requirements of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU.