TERRORISM IN MODERN SOCIETY: BASIC CONCEPTS AND CHARACTERISTICS ; ТЕРОРИЗМ У СУЧАСНОМУ СУСПІЛЬСТВІ: ОСНОВНІ ПОНЯТТЯ ТА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

Abstract

The article emphasizes that terrorism in the modern world poses an increasing threat to public and national security. There are different views on the definition of "terrorism". Terrorism can be defined as a method of influence by committing a terrorist act to achieve © Ю. А. Данько, Н. Г. Білоцерківська, 2020 28 ISSN 2411-7587 (Print). ISSN 2413-0060 (Online). Сучасне суспільство. 2020, Випуск 2 (21) certain goals. The interpretation of terrorism in different countries of the world, in particular the USA, is considered The U.S. Department of State treats terrorism as any act of political violence by non-state actors or "secret government agents," and U.S. law defines a terrorist act as criminal violence that is intended to intimidate or force civilians to influence politics. government through intimidation or coercion), Britain (terrorism is the use of force to achieve political goals, which includes any use of violence) and the European Union (terrorism is classified as "an internationally condemned act committed by an individual or group against one or more countries, their institutions or citizens, to intimidate and fundamentally change or destroy the political, economic or social structures of the state"). It is noted that in the modern world it has a political color, as it is primarily associated with power. It is determined that the main purpose of terrorism is to achieve certain political, religious, or other social changes. The main types of terrorism are considered, including political (has two directions: the struggle of various groups against the existing system; state terrorism carried out by state special services), national (method of struggle of peoples to create their own state), religious (based on religious fanaticism) and information ( a new kind of terrorism, operates in the intellectual sphere and generates a new kind of violence). Terrorism can often develop in times of socio-political and economic crises. The main goals of terrorism and political causes of terrorism are also considered. One of the main prerequisites for modern terrorism is the resonance of terrorist action in society ; У статті наголошується, що тероризм у сучасному світі представляє все більшу загрозу громадській і національній безпеці країн. Наведені різні погляди на визначення поняття «тероризму». Розглянуте трактування тероризму у різних країнах світу, зокрема США, Британії та Європейському Союзі. Зазначено, що він в сучасному світі має політичне забарвлення, так як він, перш за все, пов'язаний з владою. Розглянуто основні види тероризму, серед яких політичний, національний, релігійний та інформаційний. Також розглянуто основні цілі тероризму та політичні причини тероризму