DANAK U KRVI U ROMANU NA DRINI ĆUPRIJA I U SUVREMENOME PRIPOVIJEDANJU ; TRIBUTE IN BLOOD IN THE NOVEL THE BRIDGE ON THE DRINA AND IN THE MODERN NARRATIVE

Abstract

Danak u krvi uveo je sultan Murat II. godine 1420. Iako je taj danak u suprotnosti sa šerijatom, Osmanlije su svake pete godine odvodili kršćansku djecu u dobi od osam do deset, a pokatkad i do dvadeset godina. Tjelesno sposobniju djecu slali su na sultanov dvor, a ostalu turskim obiteljima u Anadoliju i Rumunjsku gdje su ih poučavali turskomu načinu života. Od djece dovedene dankom u krvi stvarane su janjičarske elitne vojne postrojbe. Janjičari su se nakon vojne službe mogli oženiti muslimankama i tako su njihovi potomci bili oslobođeni iste sudbine. Nakon pada Bosansko-humskoga Kraljevstva 1463. godine u janjičare i u hareme odvedeno je stotinu tisuća kršćanske djece. Kršćani su svojim dječacima odsijecali prste, učili ih da se pretvaraju gluhonijemima, tetovirali im križeve i na druge ih načine spašavali od odvođenja u janjičare. Međutim s Balkana je od XV. do kraja XVII. stoljeća u janjičare odvedeno dvije do tri stotine tisuća dječaka. Među tom djecom bio je i dječak koji je dobio ime Mehmed-paša Sokolović, koji je u Osmanskome Carstvu ostvario blistavu karijeru postavši velikim vezirom 1565. godine. Sjećajući se svoje majke koju je posljednji put vidio s mnogim drugim majkama kako su s druge strane Drine kroz plač i jecaje ispraćale svoju djecu u janjičare, Mehmed-paša Sokolović dao je na tome mjestu sagraditi most. ; Tribute in blood was introduced by Sultan Murat II. in 1420. Although the tribute was opposite to the Sharia, every five years the Ottomans took the Christian children aged eight to ten, and sometimes up to twenty years. Physically capable children were sent to the sultan's palace, while other children were sent to the Turkish families in Anatolia and Romania where they were trained by the Turkish way of life. Those children were used to create elite military units - the janissary. Janissaries could marry a Muslim after the military service so their descendants were exempted from the same fate. With the fall of the Bosnian-Hum kingdom, in 1463. one hundred thousand Christian children were taken away in Janissaries and harems. Christians would often cut off the finger to their boys, taught them to turn deaf-mute, tattooed the crosses on their body and in every way tried to save their own children so they wouldn't be taken away in the Janissaries. However, from the 15th century by the end of 17th century two hundred to three hundred thousand boys were taken away from Balkan to become the Janissaries. Among those children was a boy named Mehmed Pasha Sokolovic who made a brilliant career in the Ottoman Empire, becoming the Grand Vizier in 1565. Remembering his mother when he last saw her with many other mothers, who were on the other side of the Drina River crying and groaning because they were seeing off their children in the Janissaries, Mehmed-Pasha Sokolovic ordered to build the bridge on that place.