Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Consumption, Environmental Pollution, and Economic Growth: an empirical application on Pakistan

Abstract

The study scrutinizes the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions on the economic growth of Pakistan. This study employs an autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) that covers the data range from 1990 to 2017. The results showed that renewable energy consumption and CO2 emission have positive while non-renewable energy consumption negatively influence the economic growth of Pakistan. Based on the findings, thereby Pakistan should take different steps to control over-dependence on non-renewable energy sources that affect economic growth adversely. Nevertheless, Pakistani government officials and private firms try to focus on innovative methods to finance recoverable energy projects.