INSTITUȚIILE ȘI SPECIALIZĂRILE ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTULUI SUPERIOR DE CHIMIE ÎN PERIOADA 1948-1974

Abstract

The aim of my article is to anaylse the evolution of the chemistry higher education in Romania, particularly its institutions, specializations and statistics. After showing the importance of the chemistry in the communist regime (as science and industry), I follow the evolution of the structural changes that took place from 1948, the switch year towards a communist educational system. I presented the types of institutions to host the chemistry education (universities, polytechnics, pedagogical institutes, other educational institutions and industrial enterprises with dedicated role in the educational process). There were many structural changes in the chemistry field that cannot be separated to those affecting the higher educational system: the creation of pedagogical institutes, their integration in universities and polytechnics, the establishing of domains of specializations, the decrease of the number of students and the structural contraction. A particularity of chemistry was also highlighted: the great number of specializations and their close connection with many fields of activity. In the same way, some higher education centres had their own exclusive contribution to the training of this type of specialized workforce (as Iași for textile chemistry). The concern for creating a good link between education and the needs of the industry were proved with many examples. In order to check the structural evolution, archival documents, legislation and published works were heavily used, and they all point to a special role of the chemistry higher education in the general process of training specialized workforce.