Development of spiritual and moral values of future teachers in the course of professional training ; Формирование духовно-нравственных ценностей у будущих учителей в процессе профессиональной подготовки ; Формування духовно-моральних цінностей у майбутніх учителів у процесі фахової підготовки

Abstract

The article reveals such concepts as «values», «spiritual and moral values». The author proves that the most important task of secondary schools and higher education is to provide spiritual and moral values development in the process of social formation. The basic methods and forms to form spiritual and moral values of future teachers in the course of professional training are described. The article deals with the causes of spirituality and its scarcity, which lie in the nature of family and public education, system of individual values; economic, political and cultural situation in the country. The author of the article determines spiritual components: (need-value, cognitive-intellectual, volitional component, behavior and activity component, sensual and emotional component, humanistic component, aesthetic component).The article defines the spiritual culture of personality as a system of philosophical ideas and beliefs that are implemented in relation to oneself, other people and the surrounding world. The author sheds light on the components of spiritual culture of personality (intellectual culture (knowledge, thinking) moral culture (honor, dignity, emotional culture, sexual culture), culture of communication (communication skills, spiritual needs, language culture), national culture and national identity; artistic and ethical culture, Christian moral and ethical culture, religious commandments and traditions, family and domestic culture, political, legal culture, ecological culture of personality. The author of the article determines the basic methods to form the spiritual culture: explanatory, illustrative, reproductive, method of problem exposition, partly – explorative. ; У статті розкрита сутність понять «цінності», «духовно-моральні цінності». Автор обґрунтовує, що найважливішими завданнями загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів та вищої школи є формування духовно-моральних цінностей особистості в процесі її соціального становлення, а також розкриває особливості формування духовно- моральних цінностей у майбутніх учителів у процесі фахової підготовки.