ANTI-UKRAINIAN ESSENCE OF THE RUSSOPHILE PRESS IN THE EASTERN GALICIA (20-30 YEARS OF THE 20TH CENTURY) ; АНТИУКРАЇНСЬКА СУТНІСТЬ МОСКВОФІЛЬСЬКОЇ ПРЕСИ У СХІДНІЙ ГАЛИЧИНІ (20–30-ті РОКИ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ)

Abstract

The main idea of this article is the fact that Russophile movement was losing its influence in public-political life of Galicia at the beginning of 20th century after World War I; however it was still financed by Moscow. In postwar Galicia Russophile camp split and it significantly influenced the functioning of the press of this movement. Russophile organizations undergo a split, thereby dividing the press. After war the Russian Revolutionary Committee, headed by V. Kurilovich and D. Markov, became the center of the revived Russophile movement in Lviv in 1918. The same Committee published the newspaper «Prykarpatskaya Rus'». In its national positions and political orientations, the newspaper advocated unification with Russia, however, the newspaper was banned for its anti-Polish policy. Instead, the newspaper «Rus'» begins its publishing under the changed name. In 1922, as a continuation of the newspaper «Rus'», a daily newspaper «Zhyzn'» is published (it was published by the Galician-Russian Organization), which took over the policy of «Prykarpatskaya Rus» after its prohibition.The article deals with the question of the split in the Russophile environment and refers to the features of the transformation of the press of this political group. Due to internal contradictions and different-sided views on future orientation, the Russian Executive Committee of 1923 splits up and sets up two camps: left party of Muscovites – «Narodnaya Volya» («People's Will») and right one – Russkaya Narodnaya Organizatsiya (Russian People's Organization). Since 1922, the year before the official split, the same organization began publishing the newspaper «Russkiy Golos» («Russian Gaul»). The editorial office declared itself as an independent political and economic newspaper. The main focus was the dependence on the «Russian idea», which they were very clearly separated from the ideas of communism, which they were called to fight with, as the greatest international misfortune.The main feature of this press is the denial of the existence of Ukrainian language, literature, history, state and the right to self-determination in relation to its future. Traditional Russophile movement saw the future of the Galician Rusyns in unity with Moscow. The strength of the Russophiles weakened on the political arena of Galicia, so their attitude toward Ukrainians became more aggressive and anti-Ukrainian.Key words: Russophiles press, Russian idea, Ukrainian state, Ukrainian language, anti-Ukrainian position. ; У статті розглянуто особливості формування ідейних засад преси традиційного москвофільства після Першої світової війни, вказано на проблематику цієї преси у контексті трансформації москвофільського руху як суспільно-політичного явища.Ключові слова: москвофільська преса, ідея «единой Руси», українська державність, українська мова, антиукраїнська позиція.