Implementation of the Principle of the Social Fairness in the Educational Process in Storozhishchensky Corrective Colony Shelter of the Smolensk Province in the Late 19th Century to the Early 20th Century

Abstract

This article is devoted to the analysis of the educational process' organization in Storozhishchensky corrective colony shelter in the Smolensk province, opened in 1894, through the implementation of the principle of social justice, reflected in the pedagogical ideas of the English reformer Robert Owen. It was found that in this institution for male juvenile offenders, the specified principle was used by applying adequate forms of education to them: labour, moral, mental and physical. The authors present the experience of the correctional colony shelter on re-education, correction and socialization of underage offenders, and the formation of their attitudes and values inherent in law-abiding citizens.The methods and forms for achieving this were as follows activities of juvenile offenders in various types of household work: gardening, horticulture, beekeeping, handicrafts; military gymnastics, special exercises, outdoor games, walks; theoretical and practical teaching in agricultural schools, opened at the correctional institution; visits to the church, conversations, positive examples of teaching staff and their moralizing influence on children's personality. Also the article considers methodological approaches, which were used by the teachers of Storozhishchensky corrective colony shelter, such as natural science (biological), sociological, anthropological, cultural, educational, axiological and criminological.