Gender and Decision-Making ; Spol in odločanje

Abstract

A mix of qualitative and quantitative research methods was used to study the effect of gender on decision making. Gender differences in individual decision making in consumer behaviour, gender and values in connection with ethicalness of decisions, and HRM have been identified and discussed using existing literature. Gender differences in group decision making have been identified and debated since women and men tend to decide differently in groups as they would as individuals. Such example discussed was the compromise effect. Gender differences in group decision making have been identified and discussed from business and political aspect. The importance of gender equality in decision making has been outlined and researched in connection with gender differences in individual and group decision making. In the empirical part, the MDMQ was used to measure gender differences in decision self-esteem and gender differences in the tendency to rely on each of the four decision-coping patterns (vigilance, hypervigilance, buckpassing, procrastination) of individuals. The sample studied consisted of 125 participants (69 females and 56 males) of ages 20-30 years old. Results revealed that females' decision self-esteem is on average lower than males and that on average, females tend to rely more on each of the four decision coping patterns than males. Additional statistical analysis showed statistically significant gender differences in decision self-esteem and in the tendency to rely on hypervigilance and buckpassing. No statistically significant gender differences were found in the tendency to rely on vigilance and procrastination. ; Mešanica kvalitativnih in kvantitativnih raziskovalnih metod je uporabljena za raziskovanje vpliva spola na odločanje. Razlike med spoloma pri individualnem odločanju so obravnavane v kontekstu vedenja potrošnikov, spola in vrednot v povezavi z etičnostjo odločitev ter na področju upravljanja človeških virov (HRM) na podlagi obstoječe literature. Razlike med spoloma pri skupinskem odločanju so predstavljene in prediskutirane, saj ženske in moški sprejemajo drugačne odločitve kot skupina, kot bi jih sicer kot posamezniki. Takšen obravnavani primer je efekt kompromisa. Razlike med spoloma pri skupinskem odločanju so obravnavane s poslovnega in političnega vidika. Pomen enakosti spolov pri odločanju je obravnavan v navezavi z razlikami med spoloma pri individualnem in skupinskem odločanju. V empiričnem delu je uporabljen MDMQ za merjenje razlik med spoloma v samozavesti pri odločitvah in v nagnjenosti k zanašanju na vsakega izmed štirih vzorcev spoprijemanja z odločitvami (»vigilance« oz. čuječnost, »hypervigilance« oz. hipervigilantnost, »buck-passing« oz. prelaganje odgovornosti na druge, »procrastination« oz. odlašanje z odločitvami) pri posameznikih. V vzorec je vključenih 125 oseb (69 ženk in 56 moških), starih od 20 do 30 let. Rezultati kažejo, da imajo ženske v povprečju nižjo samozavest pri odločanju kot moški in se v povprečju bolj zanašajo na vsakega izmed štirih vzorcev spoprijemanja z odločitvami kot moški. Dodatna statistična analiza je pokazala, da so statistično pomembne razlike med spoloma v samozavesti pri odločanju in v nagnjenosti k zanašanju na hipervigilantnost ter prelaganju odgovornosti na druge. Statistično pomembne razlike med spoloma niso ugotovljene pri nagnjenosti k zanašanju na čuječnost in pri odlašanju z odločitvami.