Riformare l'Internazionale urbana: le fondazioni statunitensi e l'organizzazione internazionale nel governo municipale

Abstract

texte traduit en italien, à partir de la présentation au colloque Philanthropy and the city, disponible sur le site du Rockefeller Archive Center à http://archive.rockefeller.edu/publications/conferences/saunier.pdf ; The Twentieth century has seen the development of formal networks of municipalities, experts and reformers with housing, city planning or municipal government and other 'urban problems' as subject matters. The 'Urban Internationale' that took shape in the first decade of the former century; embodied in conferences, study tours, correspondances and associations, was fragile and insecure, balancing between utopian and technical postures. The US participation to those issue networks, under the leadership of the largest philanthropic Foundations (Rockefeller and Ford), favored a reshaping of their working process between 1930 and 1960. Beginning with a view to import the best from old Europe in municipal government or city-planning on the domestic scene, the relationship soon became a two way street, before finally turning the international associations which were the core of the Urban Internationale into international non-governmental organisations with a world constituency and an orientation towards cooperation with inter governmental organisations.