Speeches and practices around "sustainable development" and "water resources". A relational approach applied to the basins of Adour-Garonne and Segura. ; Discours et pratiques autour du "développement durable" et des "ressources en eau". Une approche relationnelle appliquée aux bassins d'Adour-Garonne et du Segura

Abstract

This thesis deals with the practical applications of political speeches around water policies in the context of a "sustainable development". About water management, it questions the statute of reference frame, often postulated, of this notion. The relational approach defined by Swiss geographer Claude Raffestin is mobilized in order to apprehend the articulation between the fields of knowledge and the everyday practices. Actually, it is necessary to confront changes within international speeches with their translations in the policies and the local plans of management, but also in the social practices of the users of water. It shows how the functionalist relations related to the integral management of resources, within the framework of a "productivity focused" agenda, seem brought into question. Then it characterizes the relations which would correspond with a sustainable one: symmetrical relations within hydro-socio-systems. Finally it confronts the speeches to its putting into practice, at the same time in the water policies of France and Spain, and in the daily practices mainly in the agriculture of the river basins of Adour-Garonne and Segura. The dominant relations merging in those basins bring to conclude with the resilience of the "productivity focused" agenda. And the notion of "sustainable development" turns out too equivocal to correspond with a total change of global reference frame, associated to new relations between societies and water resources. ; Cette thèse s'intéresse aux modalités selon lesquelles les discours des politiques de l'eau influencent (ou non) les pratiques sociales, dans le contexte de la mise en œuvre d'un développement durable. À propos de la gestion des ressources en eau, elle interroge le statut de référentiel, souvent postulé, de cette notion. L'approche relationnelle définie par Claude Raffestin est mobilisée afin d'appréhender les enjeux de l'articulation entre les domaines de la connaissance et de la pratique. Il s'agit en effet de confronter les changements des discours ...