Tendencies of anti-corruption policy changes in Ukraine ; Тенденції змін антикорупційної політики в Україні

Abstract

Problem setting. For many years, international and internal experts have stressed that since Independence, Ukraine has been heavily influenced by corruption both in the public administration and in the private sector. Accordingly, a considerable demand for active action of the state in the sphere of combating corruption as the mass phenomenon has formed in our society. For the sake of effectiveness, it is necessary to have the clear understanding of the strategy and directions of the state anti-corruption policy.Recent research and publications analysis. Recent research and publications analysis testifies to the popularity of researches into the problems of forming and implementing public policies in the field of corruption prevention. Various aspects of anti-corruption policy were investigated by Z. Zhivak, S. Kondratyuk, and I. Revak (in terms of managing economic processes in society); V. Vasilevich, T. Vasilevska, V. Nestyrovich, Y. Kovbasyuk and others. (formation and implementation of the state anti-corruption policy), O. Bereza (as a factor in the implementation of socio-economic reforms). The separate block of sources on anti-corruption activities of the state are laws and accompanying documents, as well as reports of international organizations and experts. On the other hand, during 2019 a number of significant state-political changes took place in Ukraine. That mainly influenced the visions and strategic decisions in various spheres of social and political life, including in the sphere of combating corruption.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. There are new visions to the development of anti-corruption policy in Ukraine based on the needs of society and the tendencies of administrative decisions, which are embodied in normative legal acts.Paper main body. In the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), which is compiled by Transparency International's global anti-corruption organization and based on estimates from entrepreneurs and analysts, our country ranked 120th in the 2018 list of 180 countries in the world.The article analyzes the Laws of Ukraine:– "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Ensuring the Effectiveness of the Institutional Mechanism for Corruption Prevention";– "On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine" On Corruption Prevention "for Corruptors";– "On Prevention of Corruption" state anti-corruption policy in Ukraine (Anti-corruption strategy) for 2014 – 2017";– Draft Law of Ukraine "On Anti-Corruption Strategy 2018 – 2020";– Program Provisions of the Government of Ukraine Plan on Combating Corruption;– Survey Report on Entrepreneurs, Experts and the Population as a whole "Corruption in Ukraine: Understanding, Perception, Prevalence" 2018.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The analysis of the program documents showed the existence of certain main directions of the state policy in the sphere of prevention of corruption, implementation of which is necessary for overcoming (maximum reduction) of this phenomenon. From the point of view of the modern Ukrainian politicum the following areas are:– improvement of legal regulation of issues of prevention, detection and counteraction of corruption;– formation in society of intolerant corruption in all spheres of public life and in the private sector;– information interaction with the society and communication support for reforms, access to information;– creation of a virtuous public service (special attention is needed by the judiciary, law enforcement agencies, employees of state-owned enterprises, representatives of political parties);– the introduction of effective mechanisms for identifying, preventing conflicts of interest, as well as declaring property, income, expenses and liabilities of the financial nature of public authorities, which provides for cross-checking by means of all available registers and electronic accounting systems;– effective activity of the entire law enforcement system, which carries out anti-corruption measures;– counteracting corruption in the process of privatization and management of public resources, eliminating corruption preconditions for doing business, forming a favorable climate for corrupting the business climate and intolerant business attitude to corruption. ; Проаналізовано стратегічні напрями запобігання корупції в Україні. Визначено причини їх зміни та суспільний запит на такі дії керівництва держави. Охарактеризовано базові нормативно-правові документи, які регламентують діяльність держави у напрямі запобігання корупції. Базуючись на аналізі останніх змін, визначено тенденції розвитку процесів запобігання корупції, властиві розвитку нашого суспільства на сучасному етапі.