Citation by judges of the scientific sources: domestic and foreign experience ; Цитирование судьями научных источников: отечественный и зарубежный опыт ; Цитування суддями наукових джерел: вітчизняний та зарубіжний досвід

Abstract

Problem setting. Problems being topical for the domestic jurisprudenceconcerning the possibility and advisability of the scientific sources using in the formof the immediate citation in the judicial decisions have been analyzed. Problems as tothe possibility and advisability of the scientific sources citation in the judicialdecisions and necessity of the spreading of such practice in the Ukrainian courtsactivity by the domestic jurisprudents has not been specially investigated. To ourview they should be considered in the broader context of the science influence on thelaw enforcement, to what extent results of the scientific research are in demand inlegal practice and possible ways of its improvement. Will this practice promoteincreasing of the administration of justice quality, taking lawful and fair decisions,increasing of the court authority? Working out of the corresponding problems in theaspect of the domestic reality has been actualized in connection with the conductingof the court reform being recognized as one of the most urgent in the proclaimedprogram of the reform «Strategy 2020» by the President of Ukraine P. Poroshenko.The conclusion as to the necessity of such practice spreading in the domestic courtsactivity has been made.Recent research and publications analysis. Works by H. Beverley-Smith, J.Pradel, F. Shecaira, S. Shevchuk, M. Savchyn, M. Savenko, Y. Yevgrafova O.Yevsieiev are noteworthy among modern scientists researching this problem.Paper objective. The main aim of the article is determination of peculiaritiesof the legal science achievements using (in the form of the direct citation) in theactivity of the domestic court instances and foreign courts.Paper main body. Today in the countries of the continental legislation lawjustly is considered as the most developed form of legal rules strengthening. As aresult of the precision of the presentation of legal norms it is the best technical meanof their strengthening in the epoch when the complexity of the social relationshighlights precision and clearness of its formulation. Along with this the idea of theabsolute sovereignty of law in the Roman-Germanic legal family is fiction. Judgeshas not relied exclusively on law and refer to principles of law, case law, legaldoctrine and they «search» law in other its manifestation (sources of law) and referdirectly to them in the court acts. Such changes in the understanding of law and itsuse is connected with the revival in the twentieth century of the natural and legalthought. Judges become more «open» while making their decisions trying to take intoaccount social and economic, political, cultural, religious aspects of the case beingthe subject of the trial and go beyond congealed legal rules in searching more flexiblelegal decisions that meet a complex and changing life circumstances. Such position isquite common for lawyers of the Anglo-American law where law has never beenstarting point in their professional legal activity, scientific researches and training oflegal personnel.Conclusions of the research. On the base of the analysis of the court practicein the countries of the continental and Anglo-American law it has been ascertainedthat judges while administering justice, especially in so-called complex and the mostresonant cases quite often turn to the achievements of the legal science and usecitation of scientific works in their court decisions. By this it makes their legalposition more reasonable and convincing and as a whole increases the authority of thejudicial branch of power. It is especially true in domestic realities as the current stateof the Ukrainian society being marked by the quite low level of confidence in courts.That is why, it is quite reasonable spreading of such a practice in the Ukrainian courtsactivity. ; Анализируется актуальный для отечественной юриспруденции вопрос относительно возможности и целесообразности использования в форме непосредственного цитирования в судебных решениях научных источников. На основе анализа судебной практики в странах континентального и англо-американского права судьи при осуществлении правосудия,особенно при разрешении так называемых сложных и наиболее резонансных дел, часто обращаются к достижениям юридической науки и цитируют научные работы в судебных решениях. Это делает их правовую позицию более обоснованной и убедительной и в целом повышает авторитет судебной ветви власти. Сделан вывод относительно необходимости распространения такой практики в деятельности отечественных судов ; Проаналізовано актуальне для вітчизняної юриспруденції питання щодо можливості й доцільності використання у формі безпосереднього цитування в судових рішеннях наукових джерел. На основі аналізу судової практики в країнах континентального та англо- американського права встановлено, що судді при здійсненні правосуддя, особливо при вирішенні так званих складних і найбільш резонансних справ, часто звертаються до надбань юридичної науки та цитують наукові праці у судових рішеннях. Це робить їх правову позицію більш обґрунтованою і переконливою та в цілому підвищує авторитет судової гілки влади. Зроблено висновок щодо необхідності поширення такої практики у діяльності вітчизняних судів