Evaluation of field treatments to reduce the impact of Xylella fastidiosa infections in olive trees

Abstract

So far no effective field applicable therapeutic strategy exists to combat the severe diseases associated to X. fastidiosa. Therefore, various experimental applications to seek for a sustainable approach for the mitigation of the impact of the infections on olive trees were explored. In 2015-2016, four field trials were set in the infected area in southern Italy: (i) trial 1 consisted of an olive grove with medium to high incidence of disease symptoms; (ii) trials 2 and 3 consisted of olive groves with very low incidence of infected and symptomatic trees and (iii) trial 4 was a new plantation with 3-years old Xylella-free olive plants. Applications included (i) different elicitors of plant resistance (fosetyl aluminium, acibenzolar-S-methyl, COS-OGA, σ–β Hairpin proteins, cerevisanae) and (ii) Nacetylcysteine (NAC), a mucolytic agent previously showed to have a beneficial impact in reducing symptoms associated to X. fastidiosa in citrus (1). Periodic surveys included (i) sampling for laboratory tests to determine the incidence of the infections; (ii) symptom scoring using 0-5 empirical scale of severity. The overall results showed that only the treatments with NAC, through endotherapy and/or complexed to organic substances added to the soil, determined a noticeable amelioration of the symptoms. None of the elicitors produced any measurable positive impact on the diseased trees. These preliminary encouraging results, prompted for further targeted experiments currently ongoing. ; Acknowledgment This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N. 635646 "Pest Organisms Threatening Europe POnTE" and from the Project T.A.P.A.S.S. (Tecnologie Abilitanti per Produzioni Agroalimentari Sicure e Sostenibili), Regione Puglia, Cluster Tecnologici Regionali.