IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IDEA OF POLYTECHNIC EDUCATION AS INNOVATIVE DIRECTION OF SCHOOL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The degree and basic trends in the elaboration of the problem researched have been analyzed (imperial stage, before 1917, trends being – philosophic-pedagogical, historical-educative; the Soviet stage, 1917 – 1990, trends being – historical-narrative, scientific proper, scientific-methodical; post-Soviet stage, 1991 – the beginning of the XXI-st cent., trends being – methodological-theoretic, historical-pedagogical, general didactic). The socio-economic factors and organizational-pedagogic prerequisites of polytechnic education idea genesis have been determined; its legislative and regulatory framework has been examined. The phased process of polytechnic education idea realization in the national school education of the XX-th century has been substantiated and characterized by its regularity, conceptualism variance, contradiction, instability, periodicity of ascension and decline. Its consecutive stages have been established: I (1901-1918) – search-empirical (polytechical illiteracy elimination as a prerequisite of socio-economic development); II (1919-1933) – experimental-innovative (school polytechnization in connection with the implementation of compulsory elementary education); III (1934-1957) – theoretic-analytical (pupils' polytechnic training during the period of compulsory 7-year-long education implementation); IV (1958-1983) – professional-manufacturing (specific sectoral and practical orientation of polytechnism on the stage of transition to the compulsory secondary education); V (1984-1999) – economic-reformist (polytechnic education idea modification in the context of general secondary education modernization on the basis of market model, shifting the emphasis on the pupils' educational work). The regularities, contradictions and the leading tendencies in the process of polytechnic education idea realization have been revealed. Its specificity has been characterized as reflected in preserving labor traditions (1901-1918); carrying out the industrialization and agronomization (1919-1933); scientific ...