IDEOLOGY AS A MECHANISM OF CONSTRUCTING SPACE: EMPIRE VS MODERN STATE

Abstract

Problem setting. In modern political discourse, the phenomenon of ideology is almost not considered as an independent social process. Ideology is studied as derived from politics or economics, thus forming a field of study of political and economic ideologies (liberalism, socialism, conservatism, etc.). In addition, the issues related to the functioning of ideology in the context of the study of empire as a political form of spatial organization become partially or almost unstudied. Researchers also ignore the issue of the influence of ideology on the construction of the socio-political space of modern empires and states with their inherent similarities and differences. Recent research and publications analysis. In the last few years, a certain trend in the study of ideologies has emerged in the social and political sciences. The first one (Mierzejewski D., Kowalski B., Jha B.) is focused on the analysis of socio-cultural and national aspects of ideology (politics of memory and identities, nationalism and nationbuilding, cultural aspects of the functioning of ideologies). The second one (Piketty T., Goldhammer A., Isaacs R.) emphasises the study of economic aspects of ideology, including issues of economic inequality, ideological divisions in society, the impact of political ideology on the functioning of the economic system. Paper objective. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of ideology that affect the construction (organization) of the space of the empire and the modern state. To solve this goal it is necessary to perform the following research tasks: 1) review of theoretical and methodological concepts regarding the definition of «ideology»; 2) definition of the main (dominant and meaningful) structures of ideology. Paper main body. In the analysis of ideology, we rely on the research of D. Lukacs, L. Althusser, S. Zyzek, who define ideology as a form of consciousness and a set of systemic ideas and social practices of individuals. Ideology is analyzed using structural-functional, ...