Misuse of Medicines in the European Union: A Systematic Review of the Literature

In: European addiction research, Band 18, Heft 5, S. 228-245

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Although awareness of the misuse of medicines is increasing, data on the extent of the problem in the European Union (EU) are lacking. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In order to assess the magnitude and severity of the problem, a systematic review of the literature on the misuse of analgesics, opioid substitution medicines and sedatives/hypnotics (with the exception of benzodiazepines) was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Relevant literature was identified between 2001 and 2011. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The main groups of misused medicines include opioid analgesics, methadone, buprenorphine and Z-drugs. Regional trends in medicine misuse indicate heterogeneity across the EU with respect to misused medicine types and research activities. Prevalence, high-risk populations and factors contributing to medicine misuse are discussed. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The implications of these findings for prevention, treatment, and policy in the EU are considered.