EVOLUTION OF QUARANTINE MEASURES AND FORMATION OF EPIDEMOLOGICAL LEGISLATION IN UKRAINE

In: Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, Heft 116, S. 30-34

Abstract

The paper studies the evolution of quarantine measures used in the spread of plague, cholera and Spanish flu. Attempts to combat infectious diseases that took place in the Rus state, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Zaporozhian Sich are analyzed. Quarantine legislation of the Russian Empire is examined. The provisions of the Medical Charter of 1832, the Quarantine Charter of 1866, as well as the prescriptions of other regulatory acts aimed at preventing the spread of epidemics on the territory of the Russian Empire are also studied. Emphasis is placed on medical and police nature of regulatory prescriptions. The author examines the changes in the health care system and quarantine measures applied during the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 – 1921. The organizational and legal grounds for administration in the field of health care in the Ukrainian State of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky are also analyzed. The article studies the procedure for establishing the Ministry of Health and the powers of the Minister of Health. It is stated that world pandemics are not a novelty in the historical chronicle and there is a way out of the epidemiological crisis. It has two paths, namely the death and destruction of society or the path of rapid development, the improvement of the medical system, which will eventually lead to progress, the transition to a new level of development of civilization itself. Epidemics forced a rapid reorientation and improvement of sanitary conditions, adherence to hygiene measures, nutrition, waste disposal, etc., as well as creation of a health care system that at the state level took over the functions of social protection against dangerous diseases. The challenges caused by the coronavirus will not only be successfully overcome, but also the medical sphere will be improved, and conditions will be created for the rapid development of the industry. We are convinced that only a well-chosen special model for public administration in the field of health care, headed by relevant high-level specialists, with proper funding, could cope with the epidemic in the country, as well as allow the medical system to reach a qualitatively new level.