Explaining Racial/Ethnic Dietary Patterns in Relation to Type 2 Diabetes: An Analysis of NHANES 2007-2012

In: Ethnicity & disease: an international journal on population differences in health and disease patterns, Band 26, Heft 4, S. 529

Abstract

<p class="Pa7"><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this article is to examine sociodemographic and health be­havior factors associated with dietary intake as measured by the healthy eating index (HEI-2010) for persons with and without diabetes (T2D).</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Design: </strong>A secondary data analysis of three NHANES data cycles spanning 2007-2012. Multiple linear regression assessed racial/ ethnic differences in HEI-2010 scores in those without T2D, with T2D, and with undiagnosed T2D.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Participants: </strong>The sample included non-pregnant adults aged ≥20 years who had two days of reliable dietary recall data.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Outcome Measures: </strong>Total scores for the HEI-2010.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Results: </strong>For those without T2D, there was a significant association between race/ ethnicity and HEI score, with non-Hispanic Blacks achieving significantly lower scores than their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Differences in HEI-2010 score were also associated with age, sex, smoking status and time spent in the United States. Racial/ ethnic differences in dietary patterns were present, but not significant in those with undiagnosed or diagnosed T2D.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Racial/ethnic disparities in dietary patterns are present in individuals without T2D, but differences are not statisti­cally significant in those with undiagnosed or diagnosed T2D. Non-Hispanic Blacks without T2D received significantly lower HEI-2010 scores than non-Hispanic Whites. Further research is necessary to deter­mine whether or not similarities in dietary intake across racial/ethnic groups with T2D will be reflected in diabetes-related health outcomes in this population. <em></em></p><p class="Pa7"><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(4):529-536; doi:10.18865/ ed.26.4.529</p>