Humanized Mice for HIV Research

Abstract

Foreword -- References -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter-1 -- Mamoru Ito's Vision for the Future of Humanized Mouse Models -- 1.1 History of the Development of Immunodeficient Mice in Japan -- 1.2 Currently Available Humanized Mouse Models Generated Using NOG, NSG, and BRG Mice and Their Limitations -- 1.3 Novel Humanized Mouse Models Generated Using Improved Immunodeficient Mice -- 1.4 Generation of Humanized Mice in the Future -- 1.4.1 Improvements in Immunodeficient Mouse Models -- 1.4.2 Artificial Organ Formation -- 1.4.3 A Plentiful and Stable Supply of Stem Cells is Needed to Generate Humanized Mice -- 1.4.4 Mice with Human Immune Systems -- References -- Part I -- Mouse Genetic Background and Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Biology -- Chapter-2 -- Humanized Mice as Models for Human Disease -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Rationale Design of Animal Models -- 2.3 A Case in Point: The SCID-hu Thy/Liv Model -- 2.4 The Next Wave of Humanized Mice -- 2.5 Barriers to Cross -- References -- Chapter-3 -- Role of Mouse Innate Immunity in Immunodeficient Mice for Xenotransplantation -- 3.1 Natural Killer (NK) Cells -- 3.2 Macrophages -- 3.3 Complement Systems -- 3.4 Dendritic Cells: CD11c+B220+CD122+ Cells -- References -- Chapter-4 -- Mouse Genetic Background and Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Biology -- Tips for Humanization -- 4.1 Genetic Backgrounds and Hematopoietic Cytokines for Better Function of Human HSC and Immune System -- 4.2 Human HSC Biology in Mouse Environment -- 4.3 Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cell or Niche Defect in SCID BM -- 4.4 Role of Mouse Innate Immunity in the Engraftment of Human Cells: NOG versus NSG -- 4.5 Lymphoid Tissue Development: NOD/SCID versus NOG versus NSG Mice -- 4.6 Parameters in Donor and Recipient that Influence Humanization Efficiency.