Terminological entrepreneurs and discursive shifts in international relations: how a discipline invented the "international regime"

In: International studies review, Band 23, Heft 1, S. 30-58

Abstract

The disciplinary history of international relations (IR) is usually told as a succession of theories or "isms" that are connected to academic schools. Echoing the increasing criticism of this narrative, we present in this article a new perspective on the discipline. We introduce concepts from linguistics and its method of digital discourse analysis (DDA) to explore discursive shifts and terminological entrepreneurship in IR. DDA directs attention away from schools of thought and "heroic figures" who allegedly invented new theories. As we show exemplarily with the rise of "regime theory," there were entire generations of IR scholars who (more or less consciously) developed new vocabularies to frame and address their common concerns. The terminological history of "international regime" starts in nineteenth century international law, in which French authors already used "régime" to describe transnational forms of governance that were more than a treaty but less than an international organization. Only in the 1980s, however, was an explicit definition of "international regime" forged in American IR, which combined textual elements already in use. We submit that such observations can change the way in which we understand, narrate, and teach the discipline of IR. DDA decenters IR theory from its traditional focus on schools and individuals and suggests unlearning established taxonomies of "isms." The introduction of corpus linguistic methods to the study of academic IR can thus provide new epistemological directions for the field.