Biogeochemistry of the Critical Zone

In: Advances in Critical Zone Science Series

Abstract

Intro -- Series Editor's Preface -- Contents -- 1 An Introduction to Biogeochemistry of the Critical Zone -- References -- 2 Hot Spots and Hot Moments in the Critical Zone: Identification of and Incorporation into Reactive Transport Models -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Definition of Terms -- 2.1.2 Scope and Overall Impact -- 2.2 Capturing Scales and Complexity Using Models -- 2.2.1 Hot Spots Within the Hyporheic Zone-The Redox Microzone Concept -- 2.2.2 HSHMs at the Floodplain Scale -- 2.2.3 HSHMs Along River Corridors -- 2.3 Current Understanding and the Path Forward -- 2.3.1 A Conceptual Take on HSHMs Using a Trait-Based Framework -- 2.3.2 Improvements in Field-Scale Characterization of Hyporheic Zones -- 2.3.3 Recent Developments in Observation and Modeling of Hot Spots Featuring the Sediment Water Interface -- 2.4 How Can Models Contribute? -- 2.4.1 Scale Aware Modeling/Parameterization -- 2.4.2 A Preemptive Prioritization of HSHMs -- 2.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3 Constraints of Climate and Age on Soil Development in Hawai'i -- 3.1 Understanding Critical Zone Functioning Through State Factor Analysis -- 3.2 Physiographic Setting -- 3.3 Analytical Approach -- 3.4 Development of Critical Zone Properties Across the Hawaiian Islands -- 3.4.1 Weathering Depth and Chemical Denudation -- 3.4.2 Conditioning Lava Flows for Critical Zone Development -- 3.5 Biogeochemical Properties of Hawaiian Critical Zone -- 3.5.1 Weathering and Soil Properties -- 3.6 Soil Process Domains and Pedogenic Thresholds in Hawai'i -- 3.6.1 Process Domains -- 3.6.2 Transitions Among Process Domains -- 3.7 Conclusions -- References -- 4 Biofilms in the Critical Zone: Distribution and Mediation of Processes -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Documenting Environmental Biofilms Using the Scanning Electron Microscope -- 4.3 Biofilms in the Critical Zone.