The Psychology of Prejudice, Third Edition

"In this book, we examine the past and present research and theory on the motivations (the why), the situations and contexts (the when), the individual difference variables and traits (the who), and the affective and cognitive processes (the how) that lead to stereotyping and prejudice. The intent is to provide an in-depth and broad-ranging analysis of stereotyping and prejudice. The text focuses on understanding the issues, theories, and important empirical experiments that bear upon each problem in stereotyping and prejudice and to understand the most up-to-date research, theories, and conclusions of the leading researchers in the field. Stereotyping and prejudice are indeed complex in their origin, and one of the main goals of this book is to provide a coherent picture of the conditions under which stereotyping and prejudice are more (or less) likely to occur. Another primary focus is to examine whether (and how) stereotyping and prejudice can be reduced or eliminated"--

Addressing core questions about prejudice and stereotyping--their causes, consequences, and how to reduce them--this noted text is now in a thoroughly revised third edition with 50% new material. Written in an engaging, conversational style, the book brings social-psychological theories and research to life with compelling everyday examples. The text explores the personal and societal impacts of different forms of prejudice. Students learn about the cognitive, emotional, motivational, contextual, and personality processes that make stereotyping and prejudice more (or less) likely to occur. The book reviews anti-bias interventions and critically evaluates the evidence for their effectiveness. Every chapter concludes with an instructive glossary and discussion questions. New to This Edition *Full chapter on implicit prejudice. *Chapters on anti-gay and anti-fat prejudice. *New or updated discussions of timely topics: how children develop prejudice, structural racism, benevolent versus hostile sexism, how contact reduces prejudice, and more

Cover -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- About the Authors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1. Introduction to the Study of Stereotyping and Prejudice -- Defining Stereotyping -- Lippmann's "Stereotype -- Stereotyping: From Bad to Neutral -- The Social-Cognitive Definition -- Cultural and Individual Stereotypes -- Is a Stereotype an Attitude? -- Positive versus Negative Stereotypes -- Defining Prejudice -- Prejudice as Negative Affect -- Prejudice as an Attitude -- Prejudice as a "Social Emotion -- The Link between Stereotyping and Prejudice -- Early Perspectives in Stereotyping Research -- Measurement -- Individual Differences in Stereotyping -- Group-Level Explanations -- The Social-Cognition Revolution -- Cognitive Consistency Theories -- Attribution Theory -- The Social-Cognition View of Stereotyping and Prejudice -- Categorization -- The Cognitive Miser -- The Motivated Tactician -- Why the Emphasis on African American-White Intergroup Relations? -- Summary -- Glossary -- Discussion Questions -- References -- 2. Origin and Maintenance of Stereotypes and Prejudice -- The Formation of Social Categories -- Categorization -- Why We Categorize -- Types of Categorization -- How Children Learn Social Categories -- From Social Categories to Ingroup Favoritism -- Ingroups and Outgroups -- The Development of Prejudice and Stereotypes -- Social Learning -- Stereotypes and Prejudice in the Media -- Stereotype Accuracy -- Implicit Theories -- The Efficiency of Stereotypes -- How and Why Stereotypes Are Maintained -- Selective Attention to Stereotype-Relevant Information -- Subcategorization -- Illusory Correlations -- Motivation -- Intergroup Dynamics and the Origins of Prejudice -- Social Identity Theory -- Optimal Distinctiveness Theory -- Scapegoat Theory -- Relative Deprivation -- Realistic Conflict Theory.