Nanofertilizer Synthesis: Methods and Types

In: Nanobiotechnology for Plant Protection Series

Abstract

Front Cover -- Nanofertilizer Synthesis -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of contributors -- Series preface -- Preface -- 1 A comprehensive guide to nano-based fertilizers: types, production techniques, and properties -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Types of nanofertilizers -- 1.2.1 Metal-based nanofertilizers -- 1.2.1.1 Nitrogen nanofertilizers -- 1.2.1.2 Phosphorus nanofertilizers -- 1.2.1.3 Potassium nanofertilizers -- 1.2.1.4 Zinc nanofertilizers -- 1.2.1.5 Copper nanofertilizers -- 1.2.1.6 Magnesium nanofertilizers -- 1.2.2 Polymer-based nanofertilizers -- 1.2.3 Nano-encapsulated fertilizers -- 1.2.4 Nanostructured fertilizers -- 1.2.5 Nano-coated fertilizers -- 1.2.6 Nanocomposites -- 1.2.7 Nanoemulsions -- 1.3 Nanobiofertilizer -- 1.3.1 Plant-based nanofertilizers -- 1.3.2 Bacteria-based nanofertilizers -- 1.3.3 Algae-based nanofertilizers -- 1.3.4 Fungi-based nanofertilizers -- 1.4 Nanofertilizers synthesis methods -- 1.4.1 Chemical synthesis -- 1.4.2 Physical methods -- 1.4.3 Biological methods -- 1.4.3.1 Cost-effective -- 1.4.3.2 Nontoxic -- 1.4.3.3 Simple and efficient -- 1.4.3.4 Control of size and shape -- 1.4.3.5 High stability -- 1.4.4 Combination methods -- 1.5 Synthesis hybrid nanofertilizers -- 1.5.1 Selection of nanoparticle materials -- 1.5.2 Preparation of the nanoparticle suspension -- 1.5.3 Mixing with traditional fertilizers -- 1.5.4 Coating or encapsulation -- 1.5.5 Characterization and testing -- 1.6 Characterization of nanofertilizers -- 1.6.1 Particle size and morphology -- 1.6.2 Chemical composition -- 1.6.3 Surface area and charge -- 1.6.4 Stability and agglomeration -- 1.6.5 Nutrient release and uptake -- 1.7 Nanofertilizers mode of actions -- 1.7.1 Improved nutrient availability -- 1.7.2 Enhanced nutrient uptake -- 1.7.3 Soil improvement -- 1.7.4 Controlled release -- 1.7.5 Induced plant growth and stress tolerance.