Anodic Protection: Theory and Practice in the Prevention of Corrosion

In: Springer eBook Collection

Abstract

1 Anodic Protection of Metals—A Technique Whose Time Has Come -- Many Protective Methods Are Used -- Anodic Protection Used Effectively -- Protection of Alloy Steel Important -- Strategic and Absolute Factors Bearing on Materials -- Substitute Alloys for Chromium -- Prices of Substitute Alloys Increase -- Corrosion Protection Is Necessary -- Contamination Control Important -- Ecological Considerations Are Important -- Energy-Conservation Values -- Applications and Limitations -- Limitations Can Be Anticipated -- Installation Expense Factors -- Rapid Development Anticipated -- References -- 2 Anodic Protection of Industrial Equipment -- Sulfuric Acid Applications -- Protection of Sulfuric Acid Storage Equipment -- Summary -- References -- 3 Equipment for Anodic Protection -- Characteristics of Electrodes -- Reference-Electrode Designs -- Electronic Control and Power Supplies -- Summary -- References -- 4 Design, Operation, and Maintenance of Anodic Protection Systems -- Design Requirements -- Installation and Start-up -- Location of Power Supply and Controller -- Start-up Procedures -- Operation and Maintenance Parameters -- How to Take Solution Samples -- Commercial Units Reliable -- Summary -- References -- 5 Economic Evaluation of Anodic Protection -- Known Costs of Anodic Protection -- Current Costs of Protecting Steel Tanks Against Sulfuric Acid -- Summary -- References -- 6 Principles of Anodic Protection -- Electrochemical Description of Passivity -- Characteristics of Anodic-Polarization Curves -- The Passive Metal Layer -- Proposed Mechanism of Iron Passivity -- Metal Passivity Breakdown -- References -- 7 The Potentiostat -- Potentiostat Mode -- Development of the Potentiostat -- Solid-State Potentiostats -- Commercial Electronic Potentiostats -- Portable/Field Potentiostat -- Summary Comments on Potentiostatic Mode -- The Potentiostat -- References -- 8 Laboratory Tests and Procedures -- Wiring Sequence for Potentiostatic Experiments -- Reproducibility of Potentiostatic and Potentiodynamic Anodic-Polarization Measurements -- Polarization Cells -- Elevated-Pressure Polarization Cells -- Proposed Experimental Procedure -- Experimental Procedure -- High-Temperature Polarization Cells -- Crevice Corrosion Testing Polarization Cells -- Summary -- References -- 9 Selected Examples of Anodic Protection -- Alloy Evaluation -- Alloy Effects -- Concentration Effects -- Temperature Effects -- Environmental Effects -- Preliminary Investigations Are Necessary -- Time Effects -- References -- 10 Future Uses for Anodic Protection -- A Realm of Probability -- The Sufficiently Real Possibilities -- Potentiostatic Conditioning of Electrodes -- The Electrochemical-Conditioning Concept -- References -- Appendixes -- I Electrochemical Principles of Corrosion -- Corrosion -- Electrode Terminology -- Potential Series -- Nernst Equation -- The Electrical Double Layer -- Free Energy -- Polarization Diagrams -- Electrochemical Equivalents of Metals -- Conversion Factors -- Partial Electrochemical Equivalent -- References -- II Glossary -- III Historical Development -- IV United States Patents Relating to Anodic Protection -- V Bibliography.