Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare

Abstract

FrontMatter -- Contents -- Summary -- 1 Introduction and Literature Review -- 2 The Healthcare Environment and Its Relation to Disparities -- 3 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: Patient- and System-Level Factors -- 4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter -- 5 Interventions: Systemic Strategies -- 6 Interventions: Cross-Cultural Education in the Health Professions -- 7 Data Collection and Monitoring -- 8 Needed Research -- References -- Appendixes -- A Data Sources and Methods -- B Literature Review -- C Federal-Level and Other Initiatives to Address Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare -- D Racial Disparities in Healthcare: Highlights from Focus Group Findings -- E Committee and Staff Biographies -- Paper Contributions -- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review of the Evidence and a Consideration of Causes-H. Jack Geiger -- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare: A Background and History-W. Michael Byrd and Linda A. Clayton -- The Rationing of Healthcare and Health Disparity for the American Indians/Alaska Natives-Jennie R. Joe -- Patient-Provider Communication: The Effect of Race and Ethnicity on Process and Outcomes of Healthcare-Lisa A. Cooper and Debra L. Roter -- The Culture of Medicine and Racial, Ethnic, and Class Disparities in Healthcare-Mary-Jo DelVecchio Good, Cara James, Byron J. Good, and Anne E. Becker -- The Civil Rights Dimension of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Status-Thomas E. Perez -- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare: Issues in the Design, Structure, and Administration of Federal Healthcare Financing Programs Supported Through Direct Public Funding-Sara Rosenbaum