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Abstract
"The conventional model for explaining the uniqueness of American democracy is its division between executive, legislative, and judicial functions. It was the great contribution of Frank J. Goodnow to codify a less obvious, but no less profound element: the distinction between politics and policies, principles and operations. He showed how the United States went beyond a nation based on government by gentlemen and then one based on the spoils system brought about by the Jacksonian revolt against the Eastern Establishment, into a government that separated political officials from civil administrators. Goodnow contends that the civil service reformers persuasively argued that the separation of administration from politics, far from destroying the democratic links with the people, actually served to enhance democracy. While John Rohr, in his outstanding new introduction carefully notes loopholes in the theoretical scaffold of Goodnow's argument, he is also careful to express his appreciation of the pragmatic ground for this new sense of government as needing a partnership of the elected and the appointed. Goodnow was profoundly influenced by European currents, especially the Hegelian. As a result, the work aims at a political philosophy meant to move considerably beyond the purely pragmatic needs of government. For it was the relationships, the need for national unity in a country that was devised to account for and accommodate pluralism and diversity, that attracted Goodnow's legal background and normative impulses alike. That issues of legitimacy and power distribution were never entirely resolved by Goodnow does not alter the fact that this is perhaps the most important work, along with that of James Bryce, to emerge from this formative period to connect processes of governance with systems of democracy."--Provided by publisher.
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- TRANSACTION INTRODUCTION -- PREFACE -- CHAPTER I: THE PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE -- Most writers treat merely of formal governmental system -- This method of treatment misleading -- Method of electing United States President not the way provided by the Constitution -- Political customs important -- Administrative system should be studied -- If extra-legal institutions are considered, governmental systems are found to be similar -- Distinction of the expression from the execution of the state will -- The basis of the priticiple of the separation of powers -- Adoption of the principle in United States -- Principle is unworkable -- Exceptions to it -- Differentiation of primary functions -- Politics and Administration -- Meaning of "Politics" -- Meaning of "Administration" -- CHAPTER II: THE FUNCTION OF POLITICS -- Necessity of harmony between making and enforcement of law -- Executing authority must be subordinated to law-making authority -- Political control may develop extra-legally -- Function of politics has to do with the function of executing state will -- Influence of extra-legal forces -- Party system in United States -- Election laws -- Ballot laws -- Legal recognition of party -- Methods of expressing state will -- Control of politics over administration -- Proper extent of this control -- Result of too great extent -- Limitations of this control -- Independence of judicial authorities -- Independence of local administrative authorities -- Summary of argument -- CHAPTER III: CENTRAL AND LOCAL POLITICS -- States based on federal idea -- Central and local competence -- Effect of local self-government -- Effect of administrative centralization -- Approach of the two systems -- Tendency in England and United States -- Tendency on the Continent
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