Talking Europe — the Dilemma of Sovereignty and Modernization

In: Cooperation and conflict: journal of the Nordic International Studies Association, Band 43, Heft 4, S. 397-420

Abstract

There is a significant amount of scholarly literature produced on the topic of the alleged legitimacy deficit of the European Union (EU). This article is based on the assumption that the legitimacy of the EU is shaped largely by the domestic discourses on European governance. Therefore the stories of the individual countries are crucial for our understanding of EU legitimacy as a whole. The article is an analysis of how the legitimacy of the EU is constructed and shaped in the Czech and Swedish political discourses. It is based on discourse analysis and the constant comparative method of grounded theory, and suggests that the discourses on European unity in the two countries are structured around the nexus of modernization and sovereignty. Based on different constellations of this nexus, three ideal types are outlined: sovereignty unchallenged, sovereignty challenged and modernization unchallenged. In conclusion, it is suggested that the EU has been legitimized primarily as an instrument for modernization. Critics, however, base their argumentation on an underlying discourse on the sovereign people and on an understanding of the EU as a hindrance to progress. The advocates thus emphasize output-oriented legitimacy, while the critics are more concerned with input-based legitimacy.