The New Natural Law Theory of John Finnis

Abstract

Examines the new natural law theory of John Finnis which poses a challenge to the Kantian theories articulated by John Rawls & others. Finnis describes natural law as a "set of principles of practical reasonableness in ordering human life & human community." Normative principles that highlight actions that are both allowed & practically reasonable & those that are forbidden & practically unreasonable are addressed. An exploration of Finnis's account of practical reasoning is followed by a look at his conception of the social sciences, his critique of Rawls's political liberalism, & his defense of limited government & inviolable human rights. Although Finnis's natural law theory is a secular theory, it is pointed out that his explanation of practical reasonableness suggests a need to consider the existence of a personal God or an immortal soul. Finnis uses religious sources to support & deepen his reason-based moral & political claims; however, his openness to traditional religion should not be a reason to reject his work. J. Lindroth