Suchergebnisse

The current study uses a qualitative methodology to investigate socio-cultural and psychological aspects involved in the use of LSD and comparable psychedelic substances. To date, 26 narrative interviews have been conducted with 12 female and 14 male users aged 19 to 53 years. The resulting data were subjected to content analysis in several thematic areas. Subjective reports of LSD use and experiences are considered among the complex interrelationship of drug effects, individual and environmental factors, as well as in comparison to the results reported in earlier research. Preliminary results suggest the use of LSD is largely independent of the "party drugs" scene, although its users do embrace elements of alternative lifestyles and subcultures. The majority of participants report their LSD experiences to be of great importance and to have intellectual relevance for their individuation process and personality development. Exploration of the self and the desire to experience profound changes in their perception of the world are reported as primary motives for LSD use, in addition to its hedonistic value. Individual backgrounds, knowledge and patterns of reaction are found to strongly influence the character of the drug effects that are experienced. Next to a wide range of extra-pharmacological factors, various methods for actively modifying LSD induced states were discovered to determine the general character of LSD experiences. These are discussed with regard to their implications for the development of suitable harm reduction concepts.

The work is devoted to the problem of types of political leaders in modern society. The author made accent on modern psychological models of leaders' typology. It has been concluded that leader is a member of a group who is much more responsible to take care about the achievement of group targets than other members. There are different typologies of political leadership. Among them it is necessary to name typologies of M. Weber, J. Burn, D. Goleman and R. Tucker. It is obvious that today social development needs the elaboration of integrative and united psychological model of types of political leadership which will help to resolve the most burning questions of the global political development. Key words: Human, Personality, Individual, Individuality, Society, Leader.

The article examines social pedagogical and psychological aspects of the management of research and project activities of students. The role of the concepts of "interest", "creativity", "motivation" and "oversituational activity" in these types of activities, which reveal the essence of project and research activities, is considered. The aim of the study is to research the influence of the role of students' interest on the effectiveness of project and research activities. The novelty of the research topic is expressed by an indication of the high role of students' interest in project and research activities, which in both cases significantly affects the efficiency of the results of projects or research work. The theoretical significance of the study is represented by the considered structural relationships in implementation of project and research activities. The practical significance is expressed by generalized conclusions about the importance of organizing a psychological environment focused on the interests of each student, in which these types of activities are carried out. The methodological basis of the research is a literature review, structural and comparative analysis. The results of the study indicate that the effectiveness of the implementation of project and research activities is largely determined by the flexibility of the approach to learning and the created conditions of the educational environment, contributing to the formation of a positive attitude of students to the proposed educational topics, activities and projects.

This questionnaire study sheds light on the psychological component of kin selecting tendencies predicted by Hamilton's (1964b) inclusive fitness theory of discriminatory altruistic behavior based on genetic similarity. Participants rated donations of assistance aiding survival
and material wealth as more rational and ethical when these actions were performed for closer relatives. Participants also felt a greater obligation to perform these acts for a close relation. A comparison condition where assistance was unlikely to affect survival or reproductive success did
not exhibit these tendencies.

Rising concern about the impact of internet usage among teenagers needs to be continuously addressed. Teenagers' awareness of online privacy was the focus of this study on account of frequent sharing of private information in social media. This study is an exploratory research which tries to map and understand the psychological and cultural aspects of vulnerable online privacy practice by teenagers. The data were collected through a survey and interviews with high school students in Bandung, Indonesia. This study found that teenagers' knowledge, awareness, and management of online privacy was relatively low. Psychologically, teenagers often need others to talk to. To maintain relationship, some cultural aspects, such as togetherness, friendliness, and openness to strangers were perceived as important. However, those aspects were the causes of poor online privacy practices. A call for increased media literacy and the development of cyber law that can anticipate internet-based crime especially against teenagers, were discussed.