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Heads up! Mental models for traveling through the computer world -- The dreams of technological utopianism -- The economic, cultural, and organizational dimensions of computerization -- Computerization and the transformation of work -- Social relationships in electronic forums -- Privacy and social control -- System safety and social vulnerability -- Ethical perspectives and professional responsibilities for information and computer science professionals

Using data from a survey of 595 state interest representatives, this paper tests a number of hypotheses regarding the differences between male & female lobbyists. As expected, women remain underrepresented in state lobbying communities, & seldom climb to the pinnacle of the lobbying profession. Though there is some evidence that women behave differently than their male counterparts, the data support the notion that women are rapidly being assimilated into "good ol' boy" lobbying networks. First, it appears that state policymakers take female lobbyists seriously. Second, women do not appear to have less cooperative relationships with public officials than men. Finally, female lobbyists are approached by public officials for advice more frequently than male lobbyists are. Female assimilation notwithstanding, the data show that because of their different orientations & priorities, female lobbyists have had a substantial impact on both the style & substance of state politics. 6 Tables, 1 Appendix, 63 References. Adapted from the source document.

"Forgiveness is an absolute necessity for continued human existence".--Archbishop Desmond Tutu. Pioneers in the study of forgiveness, Robert Enright and Joanna North have compiled a collection of 12 essays that explore forgiveness in interpersonal relationships, family relationships, the individual and society relationship, and international relations--through the eyes of professionals in many fields as well as ordinary individuals

The cycle of violence suggests that maltreatment increases children's aggression, but research shows that many children are resilient to the harms caused by maltreatment. This study examines whether or not parent/child relationship quality accounts for variation in the impact of maltreatment on aggression and hypothesizes that the effect will be weaker for children who have better relationships with their caregivers. Race differences in these effects are also examined. Based on prospective data from a high-risk sample of 620 (207 White and 413 Black) families in the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect, ordinary least squares regression analyses indicated that youth with at least one official allegation of maltreatment before age 10 had significantly more frequent aggressive behaviors at age 12. The direct effect of maltreatment on aggression did not vary for Black and White youth. However, a significant three-way interaction indicated that parent/child relationship quality buffered the relationship between maltreatment and aggressive behaviors for White but not Black children. Although additional research is required to identify factors that ameliorate the impact of maltreatment for Black youth, the findings support the need for interventions to help children cope with maltreatment and to strengthen parent/child relationships.

The starting point of the study is the observation of the recurrence of the term corporatist in a certain number of discourses. This term designates the terms "corporatism", "corporation" and "neo-corporatism". If the finding of frequent use is general, it is particularly interesting to raise in labor law, historically shaped by the corporate organization of the Ancien Régime. This is all the more so since there are indeed a large number of references to corporatism in the main journals specializing in labor law. However, these references are based on very different contexts, uses and objects compared to corporatism. There is therefore no general legal study of corporatism, as a movement of ideas, in labor law data. It is therefore appropriate to try to partially fill this scientific gap by focusing on doctrine. The ambition of the thesis is to understand the use of the appellation corporatist in the literature, in particular labor. But because references to corporatism are diffuse within this doctrine, it is advisable to resort to multidisciplinarity. Defining corporatism as a movement of ideas requires appealing to representations emanating from authors from other disciplines. Listing the speeches and analyzing their content in case of reference to corporatism will help to identify a moving object. This method will make it possible to update different discourse models, in other words different ways of understanding corporatism, all based on frequently invoked characteristics. This pluralist approach should ultimately make it possible to propose a definition of corporatist ideas. It will then be necessary to confront the latter, thus defined, with the discourse of labor doctrine in order to know if they help the intelligibility of the law. Applied to French labor law, this process must make it possible to determine whether the latter can be qualified as corporatist. ; Le point de départ de l'étude est le constat de la récurrence du vocable corporatiste dans un certain nombre de discours. Ce vocable désigne les ...

The starting point of the study is the observation of the recurrence of the term corporatist in a certain number of discourses. This term designates the terms "corporatism", "corporation" and "neo-corporatism". If the finding of frequent use is general, it is particularly interesting to raise in labor law, historically shaped by the corporate organization of the Ancien Régime. This is all the more so since there are indeed a large number of references to corporatism in the main journals specializing in labor law. However, these references are based on very different contexts, uses and objects compared to corporatism. There is therefore no general legal study of corporatism, as a movement of ideas, in labor law data. It is therefore appropriate to try to partially fill this scientific gap by focusing on doctrine. The ambition of the thesis is to understand the use of the appellation corporatist in the literature, in particular labor. But because references to corporatism are diffuse within this doctrine, it is advisable to resort to multidisciplinarity. Defining corporatism as a movement of ideas requires appealing to representations emanating from authors from other disciplines. Listing the speeches and analyzing their content in case of reference to corporatism will help to identify a moving object. This method will make it possible to update different discourse models, in other words different ways of understanding corporatism, all based on frequently invoked characteristics. This pluralist approach should ultimately make it possible to propose a definition of corporatist ideas. It will then be necessary to confront the latter, thus defined, with the discourse of labor doctrine in order to know if they help the intelligibility of the law. Applied to French labor law, this process must make it possible to determine whether the latter can be qualified as corporatist. ; Le point de départ de l'étude est le constat de la récurrence du vocable corporatiste dans un certain nombre de discours. Ce vocable désigne les ...

The starting point of the study is the observation of the recurrence of the term corporatist in a certain number of discourses. This term designates the terms "corporatism", "corporation" and "neo-corporatism". If the finding of frequent use is general, it is particularly interesting to raise in labor law, historically shaped by the corporate organization of the Ancien Régime. This is all the more so since there are indeed a large number of references to corporatism in the main journals specializing in labor law. However, these references are based on very different contexts, uses and objects compared to corporatism. There is therefore no general legal study of corporatism, as a movement of ideas, in labor law data. It is therefore appropriate to try to partially fill this scientific gap by focusing on doctrine. The ambition of the thesis is to understand the use of the appellation corporatist in the literature, in particular labor. But because references to corporatism are diffuse within this doctrine, it is advisable to resort to multidisciplinarity. Defining corporatism as a movement of ideas requires appealing to representations emanating from authors from other disciplines. Listing the speeches and analyzing their content in case of reference to corporatism will help to identify a moving object. This method will make it possible to update different discourse models, in other words different ways of understanding corporatism, all based on frequently invoked characteristics. This pluralist approach should ultimately make it possible to propose a definition of corporatist ideas. It will then be necessary to confront the latter, thus defined, with the discourse of labor doctrine in order to know if they help the intelligibility of the law. Applied to French labor law, this process must make it possible to determine whether the latter can be qualified as corporatist. ; Le point de départ de l'étude est le constat de la récurrence du vocable corporatiste dans un certain nombre de discours. Ce vocable désigne les ...

"In the face of a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world and unpredictable challenges, governments need to be able to detect those changes in real-time and quickly test policy responses to determine what works for businesses, communities, families, and individuals. Surprisingly, families and enterprises have interconnectivity. Most Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) started as household vendors of daily supplies. Understanding this linkage and putting them together with professional dexterity should position them both as the panacea for tackling eventualities in the future.Cases on the Interplay Between Family, Society, and Entrepreneurship adopts a multi-disciplinary approach to appraising and managing the subject matter. This book is underpinned by the need to offer a repository for policymakers in organizations, governments, SMMEs, and community leaders to appreciate the role and importance of the family and SMMEs in the economic landscape of nations. The book is impactful in creating awareness about the importance and role of family and family support to members, the community, and society at large. This book as a well-referenced, peer-reviewed, and expertly written multi-disciplinary book covering the humanities, entrepreneurship, human resource management, psychology, leadership, innovative technology, governance/political sciences, and education, add value to extant literature. The book is principally targeted at entrepreneurs, scholars, governments, opinion leaders/influencers, and entities who need competent referenced data on the subject matter as outlined."--

The Master's thesis Application of Mediation in Violent Conflicts investigates the application of mediation of violent conflicts not only in criminal justice, but also in family disputes, where the party to the dispute is often bound or has been bound by violent conflicts in the past. In order to investigate and reveal the obligations and shortcomings of the implementation of mediation when there are manifestations of violent behavior and to make suggestions for the development of this type of conflict mediation in Lithuania, a qualitative study was conducted with experts who have been working with violent conflicts for some time. During the analysis of the scientific literature and the empirical research, the two defensive statements raised in the master's thesis were confirmed: 1.Mediation in violent conflicts is possible, but there are certain risk factors, therefore mediators in such conflicts have to take responsibility, assess not only their personal abilities and available professional knowledge, but also assess potential risk factors and using specific strategies, techniques, to carry out a secure mediation process.2.In order to develop the application of mediation in cases of violent conflicts and to improve the quality of such mediation services, it is necessary to further develop such a service and train specialized mediators.

International audience ; In much of the literature exploring the relations between professions and organizations, the relationship tends to be depicted as, or otherwise assumed to be in opposition. What this depiction conceals is a more complex and sometimes symbiotic relationship that can exist between professions and organizations. Still lacking in this more nuanced perspective, however, is an explicit acknowledgement of the influential role that clients of professions and organizations play in this relationship. In this paper we make the case for a more explicit and dynamic conceptualisation of the relationship between professions, organizations and clients based on a review of the classic and contemporary literature. Part of our goal is to more adequately address the inter-relationship between professionals and organizations by unpacking organizations, by highlighting the unique position of professions within organizations, and the different influences that clients can have on the orientation of professions within organizations.

International audience ; In much of the literature exploring the relations between professions and organizations, the relationship tends to be depicted as, or otherwise assumed to be in opposition. What this depiction conceals is a more complex and sometimes symbiotic relationship that can exist between professions and organizations. Still lacking in this more nuanced perspective, however, is an explicit acknowledgement of the influential role that clients of professions and organizations play in this relationship. In this paper we make the case for a more explicit and dynamic conceptualisation of the relationship between professions, organizations and clients based on a review of the classic and contemporary literature. Part of our goal is to more adequately address the inter-relationship between professionals and organizations by unpacking organizations, by highlighting the unique position of professions within organizations, and the different influences that clients can have on the orientation of professions within organizations.

Counseling Latinos and la familia provides an integrated approach to understanding Latino families and increasing competency for counselors and other mental health professional who work with Latinos and their families. It provides essential background information about the Latino population and the family unit, which is so central to Latino culture, including the diversity of various Spanish-speaking groups, socio-political issues, and changing family forms. The book also includes practical counseling strategies, focusing on the multicultural competencies approach. 

SelfEsteemis a central construct in clinical, developmental, personality, and social psychology.Self Esteem can be defined as an individuals judgment of his or her self-worth (Rosenberg 1965). Self Esteem is generally considered the evaluative component of the self-concept, a broader representation of the self that includes cognitive and behavioral aspects as well as evaluative or affective ones (Tomaka&Blascovich, 1991). Self Esteem creates self-image (Judy and Arin 2004). People with high self esteem take risks more easily than those with low self Esteem. Self Esteem, that is contingent on success and competence, triggers fundamentally different habitual thought and behavior patterns than contingent self Esteem, that involves seeking compensation from emotional support and acceptance. These behaviors and attitudes have in recent studies been linked to distinctive patterns of coping with social threats and differential health outcomes.It is an extremely popular construct within psychology, and has been related to virtually every other psychological concept or domain, including personality, behavioral, cognitive, and clinical concepts. It can influence life in myriad ways, from academic and professional success to relationships and mental health. On the above criteria in mind the researcher desired using mean, standard deviation t test to study the difference between the mean scores of male and female, Private and Government job holders children, age of students, type of family and finally the standard of students in their self-esteem of secondary school Tharu children of West Champaran . The result declared that there is no significant difference between the mean scores of male and female,Private and government Job holders children, single and nuclear family, whereas there is a significant difference between the mean scores of less than 14 and above 14 years and IXth and Xth Standard secondary school Tharu students in their self-esteem.

This paper examines data on the racial composition & financial & sporting performance of professional English soccer teams between 1974 & 1993. In an earlier paper, Szymanski showed that teams with an above average proportion of black players would tend to perform better on average than would have been expected given the aggregate wage bills of these clubs. Since players are more or less freely traded in soccer, this presents strong market-based evidence of discrimination. In the present paper, we explore the source of such discrimination. In particular, we test the hypothesis that discrimination is attributable to the fans rather than the owners. If fans were racially prejudiced then the owners of a team might expect to generate a smaller marginal revenue product from a black player compared to an equally skilled white player. We assess the presence of fan discrimination by examining relationships between attendance, revenues, performance, & the proportion of black players on the team. We also incorporate evidence regarding statements of racial prejudice (from the British Social Attitudes Survey) in particular regions. We find little evidence that the discrimination against black players has its source in fan discrimination. 10 Tables, 1 Figure, 24 References. Adapted from the source document.

Background: In South Africa, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death, and Cape Town is among the three cities in the country with the highest TB burden. Despite implementation of Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS), and improvements in the organisation and delivery of TB care, poor treatment adherence challenges treatment outcomes and the health system's ability to reach international targets. TB requires long-term care, where the relationship with healthcare providers is one of the important influences on decisions to seek care and adhere to treatment. This study sought to explore and deepen insight into how trust is built and experienced between patients and healthcare providers for TB treatment in primary care settings from a gender perspective. Methods: The research was located in three local government-managed clinics in the City of Cape Town's Metropole health district, similar in TB patient load and performance indicators, but differing in level of TB-HIV integrated services. A case study design employing qualitative data collection approaches (non-participant observations in clinics, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with patients and providers) was applied. Findings: Trust plays a central role for both patients and providers in treatment for TB. On the part of patients, many expressed a deep desire and motivation to complete their treatment. However, patient vulnerability, a complex outcome of intersecting factors at all levels (personal, community and health service level), across which gender was an underlying influence, emerged as a critical influence over patient trust in providers and the health system, with consequences for a range of outcomes including treatment adherence. The ability of providers and the health system as an institution to recognise and respond to patient vulnerability and needs beyond the illness, including to access socio-economic and psycho-social support for the patient, was critical for building trust and enabling adherence. On the part of healthcare providers, vulnerability was a consequence of a range of factors, including professional status and gender, with implications for how trust was built in patients and managers and its outcomes. Patient trustworthiness was based on judgements of competency, integrity and recognition. The ability of managers to mitigate the challenges healthcare providers faced, through providing a supportive and enabling work environment, had implications for providers' experiences and judgements of institutional trustworthiness. Conclusion: Reflecting on the findings within broader national, provincial and global health policy reforms, specific strategies for building patient and provider trust in each other, and in the health system, are proposed. Recommended strategies addressing both patient and provider vulnerabilities rooted in the personal, community and health facility environment are considered. While many of the recommendations are specific to the TB and TB/HIV model of care, they have wider relevance for building mutual trust between patients and providers and enhancing the responsiveness of the health system as a whole. This is important in the context of South Africa, where the vision espoused under proposed National Health Insurance reforms towards universal coverage is transformative, even revolutionary, but its implementation and ultimate achievements are likely to be dogged by challenges of patient and provider trust in the health system, unless themselves addressed. Globally, the study's conclusions also offer important insights about patient-provider trust relevant to health system development, as well as ideas for future, related research.