Child labor, trade and investment: toward the harmonization of international law
In: American journal of international law, Band 91, S. 663-696
ISSN: 0002-9300
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In: American journal of international law, Band 91, S. 663-696
ISSN: 0002-9300
Self-defense is a universally accepted exception to the prohibition of the use of force in international law, and it has been subjected to careful academic scrutiny. The prohibition of the threat of force, although equally important in terms of its normative status to the prohibition on use, has attracted far less academic commentary to date. This Article examines the relationship between the two prohibitions--of the use and threat of force--and considers the largely unexplored possibility of states utilizing a threat of force as a means of lawful defensive response: self-defense in the form of a threat. The status of this concept under international law is assessed, and the criteria that may regulate it are analyzed. This Article is based on an analogy between traditional "forcible" self-defense and the notion of threats made in self-defense. However, one cannot automatically apply the well-established rules of self-defense to a defensive threat, largely because of the practical differences between a threatened response and a response involving actual force.
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In: Review of international studies: RIS, Band 39, Heft 5, S. 1077-1090
ISSN: 1469-9044
AbstractThis article argues that hierarchy plays an important role in shaping the practice of intervention, and that the changing nature of international hierarchy is a crucial part of the story of how the modern practice of intervention emerged. It describes the early modern order of precedence, and contends that it was ill-suited to encouraging people to recognise intervention as a distinctive kind of practice. However, over the course of the eighteenth century the structure of international hierarchy changed, with the emergence of a new kind of grading of powers, which provided the context for the development of a practice of intervention after 1815.
In: European journal of international law, Band 32, Heft 1, S. 327-350
ISSN: 1464-3596
Abstract
As the International Criminal Court (ICC) nears its 20th year in operation, many international criminal law practitioners and scholars are asking: where is the ICC today in relation to its original promise to end impunity for the world's worst crimes? Baked into that question are themes of the court's distance and proximity, temporal and spatial, professional and existential. Where is the ICC located along the historic 'arc of justice' and how might we push it further along that path? How does the prosecutor's refrain that the ICC is a 'court of law' that must keep away from political entanglements affect its interaction with domestic actors? What do practitioners and scholars mean when they encourage the ICC to 'get closer' to atrocity situations, whether through better communication, cooperation or in situ proceedings? These questions prompt reflection on the ICC's distance from, and proximity to, the atrocity space through an analysis of three recent monographs on the ICC and Africa. Reviewing these contributions in law, political science and anthropology, this review essay gauges the multiple planes of distance and proximity on which international criminal law advocates operate. These planes turn out to play an important part in ordering global justice, particularly the spaces and subjects of atrocities as sites of anti-impunity work.
In: Routledge Library Editions: International Business
When it was originally published this book presented the first independent review of the critical role played by multinationals in Europe. Extending its focus beyond 1992, the book examines both the economic and business strategy frameworks the firms need to develop to maintain a competitive advantage. Using case-studies from specific industries, it looks not only at the activity of multinationals within the single market but explores the competitive strategies of non-European firms with special emphasis on Japanese companies which were poised to exploit 1992. The importance of interaction bet
In: International studies perspectives: a journal of the International Studies Association, Band 2, Heft 3, S. 269-280
ISSN: 1528-3577
The Model United Nations, already a mainstay of many undergraduate institutions, not only provides a useful framework for particular classes, but also offers an opportunity to integrate several elements of an undergraduate international studies curriculum. However, it is not without challenges for the instructor. To use the Model United Nations format effectively requires the instructor to plan carefully, coordinate activities with the other elements of a class, & never allow the "game" to overwhelm the learning. When done correctly, the excitement generated by the Model United Nations can be a key for opening the world to students who might otherwise have drifted through the mandatory introduction to international relations. The process of student teaching student, both within & across courses, is beneficial for the experienced student & the novice alike, encouraging peer interaction & cooperative learning. As an instructional device, the Model UN is not a panacea, but a valuable supplement to more conventional teaching methods. 5 Appendixes, 19 References. Adapted from the source document.
This Technical Note was prepared in the context of a joint World Bank-IMF Financial Sector Assessment Program mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina during October – November, 2014. The FSAP team found the DIA is to be Compliant or Largely Compliant with 12 out of 16 applicable Core Principles and Materially Non-Compliant with three Core Principles. The team found a number of areas where some deficiencies exist in the deposit insurance system and financial safety-net arrangements and accordingly is proposing a corrective action plan to address these areas.
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The study presents a summary of the six-country study on managing international labor migration in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The countries are grouped into sending (Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines) and receiving (Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand). The objective was to share international migration management issues from the perspective of a sending or a receiving country. The country research teams were asked to identify and study a specific migration management issue that is deemed current and reflective of the primary migration management experience of the country.For sending countries, the Cambodia research team studied the high frequency cross-border crossings into Thailand that is dominated by irregular migrants. The Indonesian research team looked at the role of local governments in migration management as the country embarked into substantial decentralization process. The Philippine research team looked at the management of massive deployment flows spanning thirty years with special attention to the most vulnerable group – the household service workers. For receiving countries, the Malaysian research team looked at their experience in the continuing running battle with irregular migrants. The Singaporean research team looked at the close interaction between the needs of the economy for migrant workers and their desire not to be too dependent on them. The Thai research team described the experience at the crossroad of being both a receiving and still a sending country.The studies have highlighted seven important themes on international labor migration management in ASEAN, namely: (a) the importance of integrating international migration into national and regional development efforts; (b) the importance of both bilateral and multilateral agreements; (c) the importance of recognizing differences in labor market policies in sending and receiving countries in designing protection for migrant workers; (d) the need to consider general administrative capacities in designing migration regulatory efforts; (e) the importance of involving subnational bodies in migration management; (f) the need to broaden cooperation in handling irregular migration; and (g) the recognition that the protection envisioned by the state need not be the one "desired" by the migrant, hence, the need to check often to find out the effectiveness of protection measures.
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In: Studies in conflict & terrorism, Band 20, S. 267-280
ISSN: 1057-610X
Finds that the Apr. 1986 US air raid on Libya (Operation El Dorado Canyon) had a deterrent effect on international terrorism for the period following the attack. Based on study of frequency and severity of acts of international terrorism over a 41-month period centered on the date of the US raid on Libya.
In: Lecture notes in business information processing 34
In: Michigan Journal of International Law, Band 40, Heft 2
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Working paper
In: Hbk Cambridge law handbooks
Introduction : the sustainable development goals, agenda 2030, and international law / Jonas Ebbesson and Ellen Hey -- End poverty in all its forms everywhere / Dire Tladi -- End hunger, achieve food security, and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture / Carmen G. Gonzalez -- Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages / Stéphanie Dagron -- Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all / Fons Coomans -- Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls / Patricia Kameri-Mbote and Nkatha Kabira -- Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all / Joyeeta Gupta and Hilmer Bosch -- Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all / Stuart Bruce and Jorge E. Viñuales -- Promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all / Tonia Novitz -- Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation / Andria Naudé Fourie -- Reduce inequality within and among countries / Philippe Cullet -- Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable / Anél du Plessis -- Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns / Alessandra Arcuri and Enrico Partiti -- Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts impacts / Daniel Bodansky -- Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development / Karen N. Scott -- Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss / Elisa Morgera -- Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels / Pål Wrange -- Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development / Duncan French and Louis J. Kotzé.
In: Contemporary Southeast Asia, Band 44, Heft 2, S. 274-288
ISSN: 1793-284X
Teaching IR in the Philippines can best be understood in terms of an evolving process that has been significantly influenced by the country's colonial experience under the United States. The development of the field is largely contextualized as a part of the discipline of Political Science. The latter in turn was situated less as an academic field and more as preparatory course for those pursuing a law degree or a career in the colonial bureaucracy. However, greater attention is now being paid to academic pursuit as an objective of higher education in the Philippines—and the consequent attention to more theoretical research and the teaching of IR as a field of study not completely beholden to the need to produce bureaucrats and technocrats for foreign policy work. There is an increasing diversity in the types of research interests pursued by IR scholars in the country. This diversity ranges from the expansion of the issues being explored to a special focus on widening the theoretical and methodological approaches that local scholars adopt. At the same time, however, the field continues to be embedded in its antecedent purpose of providing training for aspiring diplomats and foreign-policy bureaucrats. The evolution of IR in the Philippines, and the subsequent direction of the field, continue to be influenced by its historical antecedents and its emphasis on a pragmatic appreciation of what needs to be understood through the study of IR. (Contemp Southeast Asia/GIGA)
World Affairs Online
In: Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law, Band 35, Heft 2
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