Suchergebnisse

How bureaucracies perceive and respond to technological risk is the subject of this study in organizational theory. The author offers evidence from primary sources such as the testimony of agency officials; agency memoranda; and extensive interviews in Congress, the bureaucracy, and the White House to explain the organizational failures leading to the Three Mile Island and Challenger accidents. She examines the implications of these organizational failures in terms of how organizations communicate about and cope with potential risks to public safety-in hopes of avoiding such disasters in the future.

As civil wars become forums for international conflicts and ideological rivalries, their containment and resolution is an increasingly important requisite for international peace. This book explores mediation as a means toward resolving such wars.

This book gives an overview of the problem of providing economics with a biophysical foundation, explains the importance of energy in economic valuation and aims to develop novel ways of evaluating the physical constraints of our planet and the services provided by the natural environment.

This book is based on the proceedings of a conference held in June 1996 under co-sponsorship of the International Agricultural Trade Consortium and The Retail Food Industry Center. The International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium (lA TRC) is a group of 160 economists from 16 countries who are interested in fostering research relating to international trade of agricultural products and commodities and providing a forum for the exchange of ideas. Each summer the IATRC sponsors a symposium on a topic relating to trade and trade policy from which proceedings are published. A list of past symposia and related publications may be obtained from Laura Bipes, IATRC Executive Director, Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108.

Focusing on East Germany's capacity to innovate and diffuse technology, this book sheds light on the technological gap that has developed between the two Germanies. Dr. Bentley compares the sophistication of GDR and FRG technology in different industrial branches, evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the GDR's research and development system, compares the R&D effort of the two Germanies, and discusses the government policies that affected technological change in GDR industry from 1945 to 1975. He identifies and analyzes hindrances to research, innovation, and diffusion in the fields of planning, organization, economic stimulation, and ideology, and looks at the formation of interest groups. He also compares evidence from the GDR with data from other countries, including the USSR.

This book analyzes the main causes of deterioration in the Jamaican economy since 1972 and assesses the prospects for returning to a period of stable growth under an International Monetary Fund Stabilization program. Considering both the role of international economic conditions and domestic policies on Jamaica's economic decline, Dr. Looney compares the viability of the socialist model of development, implemented between 1972 and 1980, with that of the U.S.-sponsored supply side model. He raises important questions about the ability of small open economies to sustain acceptable rates of growth in the existing world economic environment, the effectiveness of IMF Stabilization programs on these economies, the possible impact of supply side development strategies, and the significance of Caribbean Basin Initiative policies for growth and stability in the area.

For the half of the world's population still dependent on wood and other traditional fuels for basic cooking and heating needs, a serious supply crisis is emerging: forests are disappearing and population pressure on other energy sources is mounting. This book analyzes the energy problems of those caught in the trap of rural subsistence and explores the role energy might play in the transition away from subsistence. It includes eight specially commissioned studies of different developing countries and a review of the small-scale energy technologies presently available for rural use.

Defense plant cutbacks and military base closures have affected hundreds of U.S. communities during the past twenty-five years. Tracing the recovery of four communities after large defense plant cutbacks and of one hundred communities after military base closures, the contributors analyze the transition from the production of military to civilian goods. The contributors examine the market potential of reusing defense industrial plants to produce civilian products within the one- to two-year period called for by economic conversion proponents, showing that the complex process needed to develop, test, and market an entirely new product requires a minimum of five years. They also review the wide range of economic development techniques available at the state and local level, conversion approaches in Western Europe, programs for displaced workers, and reasons why the economic conversion approach has failed to attract public support in the United States. The case studies are used to formulate an integrated, composite approach for coping with plant closures and major employment dislocations. Stressing the in portance of community-based economic adjustment activities, this book will be valuable to all concerned with mitigating the effects of military and civilian plant closures.

First published in 2000, this volume examines the role of industry representation in the EU in the case of the air transport industry. Air transport has contributed to areas including member state interdependence, national defence in foreign policy considerations and national identity in terms of flag carrier' airlines. Dinos Kyrou looks at specific case studies concerning aspects of integration of the air transport sector within the European Union. These case studies - an examination of a European Commission Proposal for a Council Directive and the attempt by the Commission to formulate a Proposal for a Council Regulation - are stages in the process of policy formulation which are aimed at enhancing the liberalisation which was completed de jure in 1992. In both cases, the increasing prominence of the Competition Directorate of the European Commission (DGIV) has been evident. Kyrou's question is whether this reflects a restoration or a creation of pride and self.

This book argues that the period of U.S. neutrality at the beginning of World War II was crucial in developing the concepts of interdependence and national security that remain integral to U.S. foreign policy today.

This book formulates a new strategy for the railways, trying to discover how much traffic British Rail can hope to obtain. It looks at two fundamental assumptions on which the Board's case for a large and virtually open-ended subsidy rests.

This book provides an overview of the relationship between Reagan administration initiatives and the US. It presents case studies on the reaction of eight governors to federal health, education, and welfare policies during the 1980s and compares the approaches of each of the studied governors.

National parks are a global phenomenon found in more than 120 countries. These parks are as diverse as the physical settings and cultural patterns of the many nations that have established them, yet within each country they serve as part of the cohesiveness that binds people together. Parks reflect-and help create-people's pride and love for their national heritage.

This book is a collection of papers written for a workshop on the economic value of Alaskan wildlife resources held at Denali National Park in September 1989. It provides resource managers and policy makers with enough background to address their own needs for economic information and analysis.

This book deals with the origin and functions of money and banking, emphasizing the role both play in the promotion of economic order. Developing the insights of Hayek and others of the Austrian tradition, Professor Horwitz argues that an appreciation of the spontaneous evolutionary processes that produce and maintain our monetary institutions shou